Effects of Coastal Lighting on Foraging Behaviorof Beach Mice

Abstract:  Introduction of artificial light into wildlife habitat represents a rapidly expanding form of human encroachment, particularly in coastal systems. Light pollution alters the behavior of sea turtles during nesting; therefore, long-wavelength lights—low-pressure sodium vapor and bug lights—that minimize impacts on turtles are required for beach lighting in Florida (U.S.A.). We investigated the effects of these two kinds of lights on the foraging behavior of Santa Rosa beach mice (  Peromyscus polionotus leucocephalus ). We compared patch use and giving-up densities of mice for experimental food patches established along a gradient of artificial light in the field. Mice exploited fewer food patches near both types of artificial light than in areas with little light and harvested fewer seeds within patches near bug lights. Our results show that artificial light affects the behavior of terrestrial species in coastal areas and that light pollution deserves greater consideration in conservation planning.     

Detection of fetal HLA-DQα sequences in maternal blood: A gender-independent technique of fetal cell identification

The objective of this study was to detect fetal HLA-DQα gene sequences in maternal blood. HLA-DQα genotypes of 70 pregnant women and their partners were determined for type A1. We specifically sought couples where the father, but not the mother, had genotype A1. In 12 women, maternal blood samples were flow-sorted. Candidate fetal cells were isolated and amplified by using PCR primers specific for a paternal HLA-DQα A1 allele. Fetal HLA-DQα A1 genotype was predicted from sorted cells; amniocytes or cheek swabs were used for confirmation. Six of twelve sorted samples had amplification products indicating the presence of the HLA-DQα A1 allele; 6/12 did not. Prediction of the fetal genotype was 100 per cent correct, as determined by subsequent amplification of amniocytes or cheek swabs. We conclude that paternally inherited uniquely fetal HLA-DQα gene sequences can be identified in maternal blood. This system permits the identification of fetal cells independent of fetal gender, and has the potential for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of paternally inherited conditions.     

两种共生模式之比较

在对两种共生模式—生态工业园和绿色供应链作了基本解释和案例分析后，比较了这两种模式的共性和异性，得出了它们在生态工业体系建设中具有统一性和互补性的结论，对建设城市生态工业体系提出了看法。     

地下水中病原菌及其快速检测技术研究进展

全世界尤其在发展中国家由地下水病原菌导致的环境安全问题日益频发,成为影响人群健康的重要因素。传统的病原菌检测技术存在费时、灵敏度低以及难以准确定量等问题,无法满足对地下水中种类日益增多的病原菌的有效监测。近年来,地下水中病原菌检测技术不断发展,其中聚合酶链反应技术、生物芯片及生物传感器等检测技术成为研究热点,在这些技术的基础上,以能实现微型便携、快速灵敏、准确特异和经济方便为目的的新材料和不同技术手段的整合技术成为地下水中病原菌检测发展的新方向。文章对近年来病原菌快速检测新技术进行综述,以期为受污染的地下水病原菌的有效监测和控制提供技术支持。     

用光伏污泥焚烧灰渣制备轻集料

针对工业污泥焚烧灰渣处置难的现状,以光伏污泥焚烧灰渣为主要原料制备轻集料。确定轻集料烧制的最佳条件为,黏土投加量为70%,MgO投加量为5%,污泥焚烧灰渣投加量为25%,预热温度为450 ℃,预热时间为15 min,焙烧温度为1 050 ℃,焙烧时间分别为10 min,所制备出的轻集料的抗压强度为9.52 MPa,堆积密度为867 kg·m-3,烧失量为0.12%,1 h吸水率为1.94%。所制得的轻集料强度高,吸水率小,符合《轻集料及其实验方法.第二部分：轻集料实验方法》（GB/T 17431.2-2010）的要求,可为光伏污泥焚烧灰渣资源化提供理论指导。     

黄河三角洲碱蓬湿地土壤有机碳及其组分分布特征

应用物理分组方法研究了黄河三角洲典型碱蓬湿地土壤有机碳及其组分分布特征.结果表明,研究区土壤重组有机碳是土壤有机碳的主要组成部分,土壤重组有机碳含量、土壤颗粒有机碳含量与土壤总有机碳含量都显著正相关.研究区土壤轻组组分比例和含量范围分别在0.008%～0.15%和0.10～0.40 g·kg-1,颗粒有机碳分配比例范围为8.83%～30.58%,说明黄河三角洲碱蓬湿地土壤有机碳中非保护性组分较低,碳库相对稳定.     

Determination of ammonium on an integrated microchip with LED-induced fluorescence detection

A simply fabricated microfluidic device integrated with a fluorescence detection system has been developed for on-line determination of ammonium in aqueous samples. A 365-nm light-emitting diode (LED) as an excitation source and a minor band pass filter were mounted into a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based microchip for the purpose of miniaturization of the entire analytical system. The ammonium sample reacted with o-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) on-chip with sodium sulfite as reducing reagent to produce a fluorescent isoindole derivative, which can emit fluorescence signal at about 425 nm when excited at 365 nm. Effects of pH, flow rate of solutions, concentrations of OPA-reagent, phosphate and sulfite salt were investigated. The calibration curve of ammonium in the range of 0.018-1.8 μupg/mL showed a good linear relationship with R² = 0.9985, and the detection limit was (S/N = 3) 3.6 × 10^-4 μupg/mL. The relative standard deviation was 2.8% (n = 11) by calculating at 0.18 μupg/mL ammonium for repeated detection. The system was applied to determine the ammonium concentration in rain and river waters, even extent to other analytes fluorescence detection by the presented device.     

温和预氧化提高后续生物修复石油污染土壤

为得到一种能促进后期生物阶段高效降解石油烃(TPH)的温和Fenton预氧化方式,本文考察了不同Fenton预氧化过程中羟基自由基(·OH)特征、后续生物修复过程中营养消耗、土著菌活性(CO_2)以及TPH去除量的差异,结果表明,温和Fenton预氧化组(·OH存在时间:73 h;双氧水浓度:225 mmol·L~(-1))中·OH存在时间短H_2O_2用量少,残余细菌活性高,后续对石油的生物降解率高,不加菌就能够达到与加菌相同的修复效果(TPH去除率38%左右).且在不加菌的条件下,后期生物阶段TPH去除率,温和预氧化组(38%)要高于普通预氧化组(15. 32%～33. 15%).进一步分析各链烃的去除效果,发现在后续生物修复阶段,温和预氧化组能减少对链烃组分(C17～C21)的抑制;而对比各组的土著菌活性,发现温和预氧化可以适当刺激土著微生物生长并提高其活性,这些因素均有利于TPH的去除.温和预氧化在后期生物修复阶段对TPH的去除不加菌就能够达到与加菌相同的处理效果,是一种低成本可行的修复方式.     

区块链技术在安全生产信息化建设中的应用

为了促进安全生产信息化平台在数据方面进行分析以及整合,基于区块链本身的匿名性、去中心化、安全性、开放性以及独立性等优势,提出将区块链技术应用于安全生产信息化建设,研究表明,区块链技术的应用将能够为企业针对生产安全状态进行有效监督提供最大的帮助,最大限度的实现资源共享,为企业监督、政府部门监管提供便利条件,各企业之间就安全问题进行交流沟通,安全评价服务机构针对各企业安全生产存在的问题提供更有针对性的服务,同时对于提升服务效率以及服务质量有着重要现实意义。     

烟囱颗粒污染物连续监测技术

介绍了一种烟囱颗粒物排放的实时监测装置。该装置基于光散射理论 ,使用一个半导体激光器件作为光源 ,用 4个光电元件分别测定入射光强、从测量区出射的光强及前向两个立体角的散射光能 ,使用一台微机对接收信号进行处理 ,能够实时地给出烟囱排放源的排放浓度及粒径分布。