假单胞菌反式氯双烯内酯异构酶基因克隆和序列分析

从土壤中分离得到一株降解2,4-二氯酚能力较强的假单胞菌菌株GT241-1,从该菌株中克隆出参与降解2,4-二氯酚的反式氯双烯内酯异构酶基因(dcpE).克隆策略是采用Southern杂交对其邻近基因进行定位后构建基因组文库,再用斑点杂交从基因文库中筛选目的转化子.经序列测定得知,dcpE基因编码区1062bp.核苷酸和推测的编码氨基酸序列分析表明,dcpE与已在GenBank登记的相关基因有一定的差异.图5表1参12     

Possibility of prenatal diagnosis of hereditary triose phosphate isomerase deficiency

Prenatal diagnosis has been performed on umbilical cord blood of an 18 weeks fetus of heterozygous triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) deficient parents. After excluding maternal blood contamination, TPI activity was measured and found to be 60 per cent of the normal mean whereas the value of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was in the normal range of fetal blood. In addition, the analysis of the characteristics of fetal TPI, i.e. K_m measurements for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, heat stability tests and electrophoretic studies, did not show any evidence of a special form of TPI in fetal blood. These results were consistent with the heterozygous state and were confirmed at birth.     

嗜热自养甲烷杆菌的抗逆分子机制

为揭示嗜热厌氧古菌适应极端环境的分子机理,分别在不同温度(50℃,60℃,65℃和70℃)培养嗜热自养甲烷杆菌,利用Real-time RT-PCR研究其二硫键异构酶(mtPDI)mRNA的表达情况.结果显示,mtPDI mRNA在上述情况下都有表达,但当温度偏离菌体最适生长温度(65℃),表达量会提高,在50℃和70...     

基于万古霉素手性柱的马来酸扑尔敏对映体分离及其识别机理

药物是环境介质中一类新型污染物,多数药物具有手性对映体特性,药物对映体的分离分析是研究对映体水平药物环境行为和效应的前提.采用商品手性柱Chirobiotic#x00AE;V,在反相条件下,对马来酸扑尔敏进行了手性分离,考察了不同流速、柱温、pH值和流动相组成对分离的影响,并优化了色谱条件.结果表明:以含0.1%(体积分数)冰醋酸和0.1%(体积分数)三乙胺的水溶液(TEAA)与四氢呋喃(THF)混合为流动相,在所研究范围内,随着流动相中THF含量的增加、pH值增大和流速增大,马来酸扑尔敏对映体的分离效果降低;柱温影响存在峰值现象,即分离效果随温度的升高先增大后减小.优化得到的拆分条件为:流动相TEAA∶THF为95∶5(V/V),pH值为3,流速为0.3 mL·min~(-1),柱温为15℃.利用分子对接技术模拟万古霉素不同区域与扑尔敏对映体间的相互作用,计算得到了最稳定结合能,据此预测对映体的出峰顺序与实验结果完全一致.初步手性识别机理研究结果表明,引起手性识别的主要作用力为氢键作用.     

The use of phosphomannose isomerase selection system for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of tobacco and flax aimed for phytoremediation

A plant selection system based on the phosphomannose isomerase gene (pmi) as a selectable marker is often used to avoid selection using antibiotic resistance. Nevertheless, pmi gene is endogenous in several plant species and therefore difficult to use in such cases. Here we evaluated and compared Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Linum usitatissimum breeding line AGT-952 (without endogenous pmi gene) and Nicotiana tabacum var. WSC-38 (with endogenous pmi gene). Transformation was evaluated for vectors bearing transgenes that have the potential to be involved in improved phytoremediation of contaminated environment. Tobacco regenerants selection resulted in 6.8% transformation efficiency when using a medium supplemented with 30 g/L mannose with stepwise decrease of the sucrose concentration. Similar transformation efficiency (5.3%) was achieved in transformation of flax. Relatively low selection efficiency was achieved (12.5% and 34.8%, respectively). The final detection of efficient pmi selection was conducted using PCR and the non-endogenous genes; pmi transgene for flax and todC2 transgene for tobacco plants.     

顺丁烯二酸异构酶工程菌发酵条件优化

为提高重组大肠杆菌中顺丁烯二酸异构酶表达量,通过正交试验设计,对工程菌的生长条件和目的蛋白可溶表达条件进行优化.采用250 mL三角瓶中装有50 mL(Amp 100 mg L-1)的培养基,分别研究培养基中葡萄糖、蛋白胨、酵母浸粉的浓度,培养基pH值以及摇床转速、装液量、接种量等对蛋白可溶表达量的影响.确定顺丁烯二酸异构酶工程菌最优化培养基为:蛋白胨20 g L-1、酵母浸粉2.5 g L-1、K2HPO4·3H2O 3.0 g L-1、KH2PO4 1.5 g L-1、NaCl 6 g L-1、MgSO43 g L-1,培养基pH调至6.5.确定顺丁烯二酸异构酶工程菌可溶性表达最优条件为:37℃下培养至D600 nm值为1.0时,添加终浓度为0.05 mmol L-1的IPTG进行诱导,诱导温度37℃,摇床转速220 r min-1,装液量20%,接种量5%,诱导时长为6 h.利用BioFlo 415发酵罐以最优化的培养基和发酵条件对该工程菌进行了3批发酵实验,与摇瓶实验相比,顺丁烯二酸异构酶的表达量提高了近1.5倍,单位发酵液的酶活力由46 U mL-1发酵液提高到78 U mL-1发酵液.以上数据为顺丁烯二酸异构酶重组工程菌的中试发酵奠定了基础.图7表2参17     

First trimester studies of A fetus at risk for triose phosphate isomerase deficiency

A first trimester prenatal diagnosis was offered to a mother whose child had died of haemolytic anaemia and multisystem disease caused by TPI deficiency. The deficiency state was characterized by greatly reduced TPI activity in both erythrocytes and peripheral lymphocytes. Specific activity of TPI in trophoblast homogenates from the index fetus was about 30 per cent less than in the controls, but the heat stability test showed overlap. These data were confirmed in uncultured and cultured amniotic cells, where glycolytic intermediate concentrations DHAP, GAP and FDP fell in the range of controls. These results suggested that the fetus was a TPI heterozygote. This prenatal prediction was confirmed by RBC and haematological studies at birth.     

First trimester monitoring of a pregnancy at risk for glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency

First trimester prenatal diagnosis was offered to the mother of a child affected by severe haemolytic anaemia due to glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI) deficiency. The mutant enzyme was characterized by an increased thermal lability. Both parents had 50 per cent normal red cell GPI activity. We have shown that the homozygous and heterozygous genotypes can be clearly distinguished from each other and controls by combinations of the measurement of enzyme activity and enzyme thermal lability. Examination of trophoblast cells obtained at 9 weeks of gestation led to the diagnosis of a GPI heterozygous fetus. The result was confirmed by analysis on uncultured and cultured amniotic fluid cells sampled at 16 weeks and by red blood cell studies of the healthy newborn. Prenatal diagnosis of GPI deficiency is indicated in families with previous cases resulting in severe haemolysis and mainly with the conservative view of arranging appropriate therapeutic measures for affected fetuses.