氯化钠抑制下乙酸厌氧降解的动力学模型

作者利用五个实验室规模的完全混合反应器进行较长时间的半连续培养,研究在氯化钠抑制下乙酸盐的厌氧降解。结果表明,在不同条件下运行的反应器内,存在优势菌群的显著差异,因此在不同条件下运行的反应器对抑制有不同的响应。作者引入抑制因子的概念,建立了在氯化钠抑制下乙酸厌氧降解的动力学模型。同时指出反应器运行条件与菌群组成的联系以及菌群组成的差别对反应器运行状况的影响,在废水生物处理的动力学模型研究中应给予足够的重视。     

37个含硫芳香族化合物理化参数的相关性分析

本文对37个含硫(S,SO,SO_2)芳香族化合物的理化参数作了统计分析,在水解速率常数k与取代基常数之间建立了几个多元回归方程,并根据各化合物的因子得分和实验设计方法为生物试验挑选出了8个有代表性的化合物。     

含硫芳香族化合物的好氧微生物降解

本文测定了一批苯硫基（亚砜基、砚基）乙酸酯类化合物的好氧微生物降解速率常数Ｋｂ，在此基础上，对这类化合物的结构与其生物降解速率之间的关系进行了分析，研究表明：苯硫基乙酸酯类化合物的降解速率大于苯磺基乙酸酯类化合物，关两类化合物的降解速率又叁于苯亚砚基乙酸酯类化合物；甲酯比异丙酯易降解；苯环上硝基与氯取代基均会降低化合物的可生化性，且对位硝基对阻碍作用高于邻位取代的硝基；另外，降解速率常数取代基数目     

苯硫基,苯亚砜基和苯砜基乙酸酯的水解作用及邻基参与效应

本文在不同的pH和温度条件下测定了一批苯硫基,苯亚砜基和苯砜基乙酸酯的水解数据。获得了lgk对pH和温度的二元回归方程,发现了苯硫基乙酸酯水解中的邻基参与效应,并得出了邻基加速因子A与pH的关系。     

苯砜基乙酸酯类化合物对大型蚤急性毒性的结构信息指数

为了建构结构信息指数回归模型，研究了苯砜基乙酸酯类化合物结构与其对大型Sao急性毒性的关系，在邻接矩阵基础上，提出一种新的原子生物活性特征值αi,由αi建构结构信息指数G，将其用于苯砜基乙酸酯类化合物对大型Sao急性毒性的研究，化合物对大型的稳定性和预测能力，由方程得出的以预测值与测定值之间能较好地吻合，用Jackknife法检验，模型具有总体稳健性，G是一种结构选择性、性质相关性俱佳的拓扑指数。     

Sex pheromone communication of tentiform leaf-miners <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phyllonorycter insignitella</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ph. nigrescentella</Emphasis> from two related species groups

Summary.  Females of both species start their pheromone-releasing activity on the second day after emergence at the beginning of the photophase. During the present work, a peak of calling activity with close to 100% of active Ph. nigrescentella females was registered 1.5 hour after the light had been put on. The high pheromone release behaviour with 50% active females lasted for 3 hours. The calling activity of the group of females was about 6 h/day. The beginning of a photophase under laboratory conditions or an early morning in nature is a common period for sex pheromone release in the genus Phyllonorycter. (8Z,10E)-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate (8Z,10E-14:Ac), (8Z,10E)-tetradecadien-1-ol (8Z,10E-14:OH) and (8E,10Z)-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate (8E,10Z-14:Ac) in the ratio 96:4:traces as well as 8Z,10E-14:Ac and 8Z,10E-14:OH in the ratio 88:12 collected by Solid Phase Micro Extraction (SPME) were found to be specific for the calling periods of virgin Phyllonorycter insignitella and Ph. nigrescentella females respectively. Field trapping experiments demonstrated that all three compounds are important for the attraction of Ph. insignitella males while only 8Z,10E-14:Ac is the essential sex pheromone component for Ph. nigrescentella. The pheromone activity of all three compounds is reported for the first time. Addition of either 8Z,10E-14:OH or 8E,10Z-14:Ac to 8Z,10E-14:Ac did not have a significant effect on the attraction of Ph. nigrescentella males, while the efficiency of the three component blend was 5 times lower as compared to that of 8Z,10E-14:Ac. Our data demonstrate that 8Z,10E-14:OH and 8E,10Z-14:Ac play a dual function, they are minor sex pheromone components of Ph. insignitella essential for attraction of conspecific males and show an allelochemical, antagonistic effect on Ph. nigrescentella males and, thus, ensuring specificity of the mate location signal in two related Phyllonorycter species.     

Prediction of liquid chromatography retention factors for α-branched phenylsulfonyl acetates using quantum chemical descriptors

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