高效代谢解偶联剂的筛选及对SBR系统综合运行效能的影响

活性污泥法是最常用的污水处理技术,但它同时会产生大量的剩余污泥,需要进行额外的处理和处置.活性污泥的解偶联代谢能有效地减少剩余污泥的产量.比较了5种代谢解偶联剂,即2,4-二硝基苯酚(DNP)、邻氨基苯酚(AP)、2,4,6-三氯苯酚(TCP)、3,3',4,5-四氯水杨酰苯胺(TCS)、丙二酸的污泥减量效果和对COD去除能力的影响.结果表明,当它们在各自的最佳质量浓度20、1 5、4、1.2、15 mg/L时,污泥的表观增长系数分别降低了62.39%、63.75%、59.40%、34.58%和53.75%,而COD去除率仅有轻微下降.重点研究了15 mg/L的丙二酸和4 mg/L的TCP对SBR系统运行效能和污泥沉降性能的影响.发现在长期运行过程中,两者都能有效降低系统的污泥产量,而对COD去除率的影响较低,但使用丙二酸6 d后极大地影响了污泥的沉降性能,而TCP对污泥的沉降性能影响很小.     

Enhancement of sludge gravitational thickening with weak ultrasound

Gravitational thickening is the prevailing method to reduce sludge volume but the process is slow and usually requires addition of polyelectrolyte(s). This paper investigated the potential benefits of sonication on enhancing the sludge gravitational thickening with very low energy dose, so called “weak ultrasound”. Results showed that weak sonication significantly changed the sludge settlability and the main mechanism was release of the loosely bounded extracellular polymeric substances. The changes in sludge behaviors by sonication were strongly influenced by power density and sonication duration. Lower sound frequency was slightly better than higher frequency. Weak sonication (<680 kJ·kg^-1 DS) improved the sludge gravitational thickening while high ultrasonic energy deteriorated the process. Considering both the sludge thickening efficiency and energy consumption, the optimum conditions were 0.15 W·mL^-1, 7 s, and 25 kHz. Under such conditions, the energy dose was only 155 kJ·kg^-1 DS, much lower than literature reports, and the sludge settling time was shortened from 24 h to 12?h. Weak sonication could substitute expensive polyelectrolyte coagulant for sludge thickening. Combination of weak sonication and polyelectrolyte could further reduce the settling time to 6 h. The final water content of the thickened sludge was not changed after sonication or polyelectrolyte addition.     

超声波强化给水污泥沉降和脱水性能的研究

就超声波强化给水污泥沉降和脱水性能进行了研究.通过对SV、比阻和滤饼含水率等指标的分析发现,短时间的超声预处理可以明显改善污泥的沉降和脱水性能,且低频(25 kHz)比高频(147.9 kHz)时效果更好.当超声波声密度0.25 W/mL,超声时间3 s时,污泥滤饼含水率比原污泥下降4.7%.最佳超声波声密度0.45 W/mL.短时间超声条件下,超声波与絮凝剂的联用可以进一步降低污泥滤饼含水率,且达到相同滤饼含水率时可减少絮凝剂用量约80%,投资费用大大减小.超声波可以取代絮凝剂促进污泥的沉降性能.     

超声波强化给水污泥沉降和脱水性能的研究

就超声波强化给水污泥沉降和脱水性能进行了研究.通过对SV、比阻和滤饼含水率等指标的分析发现,短时间的超声预处理可以明显改善污泥的沉降和脱水性能,且低频（25 kHz）比高频（147.9 kHz）时效果更好.当超声波声密度0.25 W/mL,超声时间3 s时,污泥滤饼含水率比原污泥下降4.7%.最佳超声波声密度0.45 W/mL.短时间超声条件下,超声波与絮凝剂的联用可以进一步降低污泥滤饼含水率,且达到相同滤饼含水率时可减少絮凝剂用量约80%,投资费用大大减小.超声波可以取代絮凝剂促进污泥的沉降性能.