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排序方式: 共有67条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
热带假丝酵母8953菌株对苯酚的降解特性研究 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
实验室分离的一株热带假丝酵母(编号为8953)具有较强的苯酚降解能力,并可以利用苯酚、间苯二酚、联苯胺等芳烃为唯一碳源和能源生长。该菌株在48h内可完全降解约14.88mmol/L苯酚,完全降解10.63mmol/L苯酚只需要24h,其降解苯酚浓度最高可达19.13mmol/L。在pH4~9,温度20℃~40℃范围内,苯酚浓度为10.0mmol/L条件下该菌株均保持100%的降解率。该菌株降解苯酚的最适pH范围为6.0~8.0,最适温度范围为28℃~30℃,最佳接种量为1%~3%,外源添加氮源能促进酵母生长和苯酚的降解。 相似文献
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高浓度有机废水酵母菌低氧处理技术初探 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
在开放式环境中,在低氧条件(DO=0-0.2mg/L)下通过连续小试试验考察了利用酵母Candidatropicalis处理高浓度有机废水的可行性。54d低氧连续小试结果表明:进水COD、NH4+-N、TP浓度分别为11000~30000、1000、230mg/L时,其去除率分别为67%~88%,18%~68%,23%~68%,氮磷去除率取决于进水COD、TN、TP的水平。污泥微观形态观察表明反应柱内微生物基本上是酵母,但运行过程中优势酵母形态发生了变化。低氧(DO=0.1-0.4mg/L)和无氧条件下C.tropicalis批量培养试验表明污染物去除和酵母生长与氧的供给关系密切,低氧条件下C.tropicalis有很高的活性,能有效去除COD(去除率为91%);无氧条件则导致C.tropicalis生物量下降,COD去除率仅为12%。 相似文献
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A 13.4 L biofilter treating an off-gas stream supplemented with methanol under two different situations was studied in terms of MeOH removal efficiency, microbial ecology and odor removal. During Period 1 (P1) the reactor was packed with wood bark chips with no pH control, treating an off-gas resulting from the aerobic chamber of a membrane biological reactor treating sewage and located outdoor, whereas during Period 2 (P2) a compressed air stream fed with MeOH was treated using PVC rings and maintaining pH at neutral values. Both systems operated at 96 g MeOH m−3 h−1 achieving removal efficiencies of around 90% during P1 and 99.9% during P2. The relative activity of biomass developed in both systems was assessed using respirometric analysis with samples obtained from both biofilms. Higher biomass activity was obtained during P2 (0.25-0.35 kg MeOH kg−1 VSS d−1) whereas 1.1 kg MeOH kg−1 VSS d−1 was obtained in the case of P1. The application of molecular and microscopic techniques showed that the eukaryotes were predominant during P1, being the yeast Candida boidinii the most abundant microorganism. A specific Fluorescence in situ hybridization probe was designed for C. boidinii and tested successfully. As a result of the neutral pH, a clear predominance of prokaryotes was detected during P2. Interestingly, some anaerobic bacteria were detected such as Desulfovibrio, Desulfobacteraceae species and also some archaea such as Methanosarcina. 相似文献
6.
利用脂肪酶提高鱼油中多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)甘油酯 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用脂肪酶选择性的水解作用研究提高鱼油中多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)甘油酯的含量.通过对5种不同来源脂肪酶的筛选,以来源于米曲霉脂肪酶为最佳酶种;同时研究该酶水解鱼油的最佳工艺条件:反应温度、加酶量、反应转速、添加剂影响;最后确定最佳的富集PUFAs甘油酯时间.在此工艺条件下,鱼油中EPA由3.0%提高到9.0%,DHA由4.3%提高到16.5%,EPA DHA由7.3%提高到25.5%.图3表1参8 相似文献
7.
沙地云杉生态型同工酶研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
沙地云杉是内蒙古地区特有树种,只分布于浑善达克沙地东部边缘;由于长期适应干旱生态条件,分化出3种土壤生态型,即紫果型、红果型和绿果型沙地云杉,并在很多生态、生理特征上表现出明显的差异.本文采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,分析了3种生态型沙地云杉的过氧化物同工酶和酯酶同工酶的酶谱特征.结果表明:不管是过氧化物同工酶还是酯酶同工酶,紫果型沙地云杉的酶带条数最多,红果型其次,绿果型酶带条数最少.在酶带强度方面也有类似的结果,紫果型沙地云杉具有较多的强、次强、中带,红果型其次,绿果型最少.这在一定程度上表明,在干旱条件下产生的3种不同生态型沙地云杉,以紫果型对干旱抗性最强,绿果型最弱,红果型居于二者之间,这一结论将为沙地云杉的经营管理及品种选择提供科学依据. 图2参21 相似文献
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Ogulcan A. Evirgen 《Chemistry and Ecology》2014,30(1):39-51
In this study, the bioaccumulation of Cu(II) ions by R. delemar and their influence on growth of the microorganism were assessed, and the impact of Cu(II) ions on the activity of lipase enzyme degradation of lipids in wastewaters by enzymatic hydrolysis was received for consideration. Optimisation of Cu(II) bioaccumulation process was performed by varying three independent parameters (pH, temperature and Cu(II) concentration) using a central composite design (CCD) under response surface methodology (RSM). For the maximum Cu(II) bioaccumulation and lipase production at a desired level of the biomass concentration level, a total of 20 experimental runs were set and the experimental data fitted to the empirical second-order polynomial models. The adequacies of the predicted models for the Cu(II) bioaccumulation, lipase activity and biomass concentration were confirmed by the coefficients of multiple regression (R2), which were adjusted to be 99.6%, 94.5%, 93.4%, respectively indicating reasonably good models for practical implementation. A maximum Cu(II) bioaccumulation of 36.81 mg/L was obtained at pH 6.0, at 32.6°C, and at 50 mg/L initial Cu(II) concentration. The lipase activity of R. delemar decreased only from 505 U/L in Cu(II)-free fermentation medium to 476 U/L in the presence of Cu(II) giving 5.74% decrease in lipase activity. 相似文献
10.
L. M. Simon K. László M. Kotormán A. Vértesi K. Bagi J. Nemcsók 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5):819-828
Abstract The effects of pyrethroid pesticides (deltamethrin, permethrin and cypermethrin) and an organophosphate ester (methidation) on the activities of carp trypsin, α‐chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase A and lipase were studied. The enzymes were isolated from the gastrointestinal tract and the effects of the pesticides were investigated during incubation for 5 min. The activity of trypsin was influenced only slightly by the presence of deltamethrin and methidation, whereas permethrin and cypermethrin caused significant inhibition. The pyrethroid pesticides at lower concentrations resulted in a slight activation of α‐chymotrypsin. Methidation inhibited the α‐chymotrypsin activity by about 20%. These pesticides modified the lipase activity to a lesser extent; the highest inhibition was measured with cypermethrin. The carboxypeptidase A activity was inhibited by both pyrethroid pesticides and methidation. The results suggest that these pesticides might interact with the active conformation of the studied hydrolytic enzymes, resulting in changes in their activities. 相似文献