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膜分离技术处理电镀废水的实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用纳滤+反渗透2级处理系统浓缩回收电镀铜漂洗废水。实验结果显示:在△P=1.5MPa条件下进行浓缩.纳滤膜可以使料液浓缩近10倍。纳滤膜对Cu^2+的截留率在96%以上,对COD的截留率在57%以上。在△P=3.0MPa条件下进行浓缩,反渗透膜可以使料液浓缩近10倍。反渗透膜对Cu^2+的截留率在98%以上,对COD的截留率在67%以上。随着料液浓度的增加,纳滤膜和反渗透膜的截留率会降低。 相似文献
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María-Vicenta Galiana-AleixandreJosé-Antonio Mendoza-Roca Amparo Bes-Piá 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2011,19(1):91-98
The use of large quantities of sulfuric acid and other sulfur-containing chemicals causes high sulfate concentrations in the wastewater of a tannery. The aim of this work was reducing the sulfate concentration in the final wastewater from a tannery. For that, firstly a study about the main sulfate sources in a tannery was carried out and the total sulfates load in the tannery wastewater was evaluated. Two measures for sulfates reduction were studied: the recycling of unhairing wastewater to the soaking drums and the reuse of the chromium sulfate from the tanning washing wastewater after its separation by nanofiltration (NF). The first measure proposed was studied experimentally in laboratory drums of 5 L of volume. Two series of experiments with different volumes of unhairing wastewater in the soaking bath were carried out. The quality of the final leather was evaluated by means of mechanical tests. NF experiments were carried out in a laboratory pilot plant with a spiral wounded membrane element. Concerning the results, the combination of 50% unhairing wastewater and 50% of fresh water was appropriate in order to obtain leather with an acceptable quality. Besides, it drove to a diminution of approximately 10% in the addition of sulfide in the unhairing. Related to the NF experiments, 97% of the sulfates were rejected by the membrane. The separated ions could be recycled to the tanning drums. The application of the two measures (firstly the recycling of the unhairing wastewater and secondly the NF of the tanning washing wastewater) drove to a reduction of 14.82 kg SO4−2 t−1 of raw hide. 相似文献
3.
K. Walha R. Ben Amar P. Bourseau P. Jaouen 《Process Safety and Environmental Protection》2009,87(5):331-335
Tuna cooking juice from a Tunisian tuna-processing unit has a high level of polluting load: chemical oxygen demand (COD) is comprised between 4 and 20 g L−1, nitrogen kjedahl (NK) between 0.6 and 3 g L−1 and dry matter between 120 and 160 g L−1. The juice has thus to be treated before being rejected into the environment. This paper considers the nanofiltration (NF) of these concentrated organic/inorganic mixtures using an AFC 30 (NF) membrane. The work focusses on the effect of organic and inorganic matters on the permeate flux and rejections of these matters. For this purpose, mixtures of salt and organic pollution (COD), used as model solutions, were prepared by the dilution of a typical industrial tuna cooking juice. The permeate flux was found to decrease when salt and organic matter concentrations increase. The recovery rate in organic matter decreases with increasing salt or organic matter content and the recovery rate of salt decreases when the COD concentration increases. 相似文献
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微污染水源水净化新技术 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
介绍了近年来出现的纳滤膜,预臭氧化及新型生物反应器(膜生物反应器和电生物反应器)处理微污染水源水的最新技术动态。对相关机理进行了归纳总结。 相似文献
6.
纳滤膜分离技术在安全饮用水保障中的应用 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
纳滤膜分离技术在饮用水制备方面具有独特的作用,是保障安全饮用水生产的有效方法。本文详细综述了国内外纳滤膜技术在饮用水生产中应用研究的最新进展,以及纳滤膜对地表水或地下水中存在的各种无机、有机污染物的分离特性。 相似文献
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纳滤膜深度处理自来水中有害物质的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采肜纳滤膜对某市自来水进行深度处理试验,结果表明:NF能有效地去除NH3-N、有机物,致突变物,无机离子等杂质。 相似文献
9.
Municipal sewage from an oxidation ditch was treated for reuse by nanofiltration (NF) in this study. The NF performance was optimized, and its fouling characteristics after different operational durations (i.e., 48 and 169 hr) were analyzed to investigate the applicability of nanofiltration for water reuse. The optimum performance was achieved when transmembrane pressure = 12 bar, pH = 4 and flow rate = 8 L/min using a GE membrane. The permeate water quality could satisfy the requirements of water reclamation for different uses and local standards for water reuse in Beijing. Flux decline in the fouling experiments could be divided into a rapid flux decline and a quasi-steady state. The boundary flux theory was used to predict the evolution of permeate flux. The expected operational duration based on the 169-hr experiment was 392.6 hr which is 175% longer than that of the 48-hr one. High molecular weight (MW) protein-like substances were suggested to be the dominant foulants after an extended period based on the MW distribution and the fluorescence characteristics. The analyses of infrared spectra and extracellular polymeric substances revealed that the roles of both humic- and polysaccharide-like substances were diminished, while that of protein-like substances were strengthened in the contribution of membrane fouling with time prolonged. Inorganic salts were found to have marginally influence on membrane fouling. Additionally, alkali washing was more efficient at removing organic foulants in the long term, and a combination of water flushing and alkali washing was appropriate for NF fouling control in municipal sewage treatment. 相似文献
10.
Nanocomposite membranes containing poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA) and organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) were prepared by a combination of solution dispersion and wet-phase inversion methods, and the effects of OMMT addition on the properties and performance of fabricated nanofiltration membranes were investigated. The membranes were characterized by contact angle measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis, and zeta potential. The performance of the membranes was elucidated by the removal of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) at neutral pH. Increasing OMMT concentration improved the thermal stability and hydrophilicity of the membranes. The permeation and rejection of PFOS were significantly improved. The performance of fabricated nanofiltration membranes in removal of PFOS varied depending on the solute and membrane properties as well as solution conditions. Finally, a comparison between fabricated membranes and a commercial NF membrane (ESNA1-K1, Hydecanme) proved that the OMMT addition is a convenient procedure for producing nanocomposite membranes with superior properties and performance. 相似文献