Degradation products of profenofos as identified by high-field FTICR mass spectrometry: Isotopic fine structure approach

This study was performed to identify the degradation products of profenofos “a phenyl organothiophosphate insecticide” in raw water (RW) collected from the entry point of Metropolitan Water Works Authority “Bangkaen, Thailand” and ultrapure water (UPW) with and without TiO₂ under simulated sunlight irradiation. Degradation of profenofos was followed with ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) and follows pseudo first-order kinetic. Accordingly, high-field FTICR mass spectrometry coupled to an electrospray ionization source was used to reveal the degradation routes of profenofos and the isotopic fine structures (IFS) elucidations to approve the chemical structures of its degradation products. More degradation products were detected in UPW as compared to RW. Consequently, two main degradation pathways namely (i) interactive replacements of bromine and hydrogen by hydroxyl functional groups and (ii) rupture of PO, PS, CBr and CCl bonds were observed. None interactive replacement of chlorine by hydroxyl functional group was detected. Accordingly, mechanistical pathways of the main degradation products were established.     

废水中的丙溴磷气相色谱分析

试验了废水中的丙溴磷气相色谱分析方法。以大口径毛细管柱分离废水中的丙溴磷，分别采用氮磷检测器（NPD）和电子捕获检测器（ECD）检测，得到了良好的分离效果和较高的灵敏度，方法检测限为0．002mg/L(绝对检测量最低可达2pg,NPD)和0.0008mg/L(绝对检测量最低可达0．8pg,ECD)。该方法中，采用双柱双检测器，排除了误检和其他物质的干扰，保证了分析结果的可靠性。     

气相色谱法测定水和废水中的溴丙磷

试验了水和废水中溴丙磷的气相色谱分析法。采用二氯甲烷萃取,HP-110m×530μm×2 65μm大口径毛细管柱分离,火焰光度检测器(FPD)检测,得到了良好的分离效果。检出限可达0 0007mg/L(萃取10倍),相对标准差为2 6%。     

丙溴磷影响海洋微藻生长机理的初步研究

研究了丙溴磷对三角褐指藻和青岛大扁藻生长的影响及其可能的机理。结果显示，低浓度的丙溴磷可以刺激它们的生长，高浓度的丙溴磷则对其生长产生抑制作用；低浓度丙溴磷还使藻细胞的脂质过氧化程度在低水平增高，ＳＯＤ活性有所降低；高浓度时则使其指质过氧化程度过量升高，ＳＯＤ活性显著下降，加入抗氧化剂不仅可抑制低浓度丙溴磷对微藻生长的刺激效应，而且能缓解高浓度丙溴磷对微藻的毒害作用，因此，丙溴磷作用于微灌的抗氧化     

Profenofos induced modulation in physiological indices,genomic template stability and protein banding patterns of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120

To understand the mechanism underlying organophosphate pesticide toxicity, cyanobacterium Anabaena PCC 7120 was subjected to varied concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20 and 30 mg L^?1) of profenofos and the effects were investigated in terms of changes in cellular physiology, genomic template stability and protein expression pattern. The supplementation of profenofos reduced the growth, total pigment content and photosynthetic efficiency of the test organism in a dose dependent manner with maximum toxic effect at 30 mg L^?1. The high fluorescence intensity of 2′, 7′ –dichlorofluorescin diacetate and increased production of malondialdehyde confirmed the prevalence of acute oxidative stress condition inside the cells of the cyanobacterium. Rapid amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting and SDS-PAGE analyses showed a significant alteration in the banding patterns of DNA and proteins respectively. A marked increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase activity and a concomitant reduction in glutathione content indicated their possible role in supporting the growth of Anabaena 7120 up to 20 mg L^?1. These findings suggest that the uncontrolled use of profenofos in the agricultural fields may not only lead to the destruction of the cyanobacterial population, but it would also disturb the nutrient dynamics and energy flow.     

In vitro effect of profenofos,fenvalerate and dimilin on protein and RNA biosynthesis by rabbit liver and muscle tissues

Abstract

The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of Curacron (profenofos), Sumicidin (fenvalerate) and Dimilin (di‐fluobenzuron) on the in vitro rate of protein and RNA synthesis by rabbit liver and muscle tissues. The synthesis of protein and RNA were significantly stimulated in the liver and inhibited in the muscle by graded doses of these insecticides. Profenofos showed maximum effect on protein synthesis in both tissues at a dose of 0.2 μg/mL, while the maximum effect on RNA synthesis occurred at 0.2 μg/mL in the liver and at 2 μg/mL in the muscle. Fenvalerate caused maximum stimulation in both liver protein and RNA synthesis at a dose of 2 μg/mL, and maximum inhibition in the muscle at 10 and 0.2 μg/mL for protein and RNA synthesis respectively. The maximum effect of Dimilin on both tissues was reached at 5 μg/mL for protein synthesis and at 0.2 μg/mL for RNA synthesis. The effect of Dimilin on RNA synthesis was more pronounced in both tissues than its effect on protein synthesis, but this trend was reversed in the case of profenofos and fenvalerate. Present data also showed antagonism between these insecticides on the rate of protein and RNA synthesis.     

丙溴磷在土壤中的吸附与迁移行为研究

采用气相色谱(GC-FPD)法建立了丙溴磷在水和土壤中的残留分析方法。结果表明,丙溴磷在水和土壤中的平均回收率在87.18%~103.64%之间,变异系数为4.84%~9.89%;丙溴磷在水和土壤中的最低检测浓度分别为0.005 mg/L,0.05 mg/kg。采用平衡吸附法和薄层层析法研究了丙溴磷在砂土、壤土和粘土中的吸附和迁移特性。结果表明:丙溴磷在砂土、壤土和粘土中的吸附常数Kd分别为12.70、33.65和74.92,土壤对丙溴磷的吸附能力与土壤有机质含量呈正相关,其移动性分别表现为在砂土、壤土中不易移动,在粘土中不移动。