芹菜对土壤中多环芳径修复作用的初步研究

利用盆栽实验研究了水芹对某实际多环芳烃(PAHs)污染场地土壤的修复作用。通过75 d的温室培养试验,对污染土壤和植物根、茎中PAHs的含量进行测定。结果显示种植水芹的土壤中PAHs的去除量要显著高于对照土壤,并且水芹促进微生物降解是其去除土壤PAHs的主要途径,占到了PAHs去除总量的99%以上。水芹较易吸收2~4环PAHs,而易促进3~6环PAHs的微生物降解。芘在水溶液中的增溶实验表明,脂溶性根系物质利用其表面活性能够提高对PAHs生物可利用性,从而促进土壤中微生物对PAHs的降解。     

Impact of spiked concentrations of Cd,Pb, As and Zn in growth medium on elemental uptake of Nasturtium officinale (Watercress)

This study is aimed at investigating the impact of water quality on the uptake and distribution of three non-essential and toxic elements, namely, As, Cd and Pb in the watercress plant to assess for metal toxicity. The plant was hydroponically cultivated under greenhouse conditions, with the growth medium being spiked with varying concentrations of As, Cd and Pb. Plants that were harvested weekly for elemental analysis showed physiological and morphological symptoms of toxicity on exposure to high concentrations of Cd and Pb. Plants exposed to high concentrations of As did not survive and the threshold for As uptake in watercress was established at 5 ppm. Translocation factors were low in all cases as the toxic elements accumulated more in the roots of the plant than the edible leaves. The impact of Zn on the uptake of toxic elements was also evaluated and Zn was found to have an antagonistic effect on uptake of both Cd and Pb with no notable effect on uptake of As. The findings indicate that phytotoxicity or death of the watercress plant would prevent it from being a route of human exposure to high concentrations of As, Cd and Pb in the environment.