丁基锡化合物在水体悬浮颗粒物上的吸附行为研究

将海河河口表层底泥制成悬浮颗粒物（ＳＰＭ），采用批量平衡法首次研究了模拟河口条件下三丁基锡（ＴＢＴ）和二丁基锡（ＤＢＴ）在该ＳＰＭ上的吸附行为．结果表明，ＴＢＴ和ＤＢＴ均能在ＳＰＭ上发生吸附，尤以ＴＢＴ更为显著．吸附速率可用Ｋｕｏ和Ｌａｋｅ的经验公式描述；吸附过程受ＳＰＭ的浓度及ＴＯＣ含量、ｐＨ值、温度、腐殖酸浓度和盐度影响．实际河口水样中的ＳＰＭ对ＴＢＴ和ＤＢＴ的吸附百分率也较高，因此ＳＰＭ是ＴＢＴ和ＤＢＴ归趋的重要场所，去除ＳＰＭ可使水体得到一定净化．     

氯化二丁基锡对小鼠外周血液中睾丸酮和雌二醇含量的影响

用放射免疫法分别测定了DBTCl对妊娠d6雌小鼠和成年雄小鼠外周血液中雌二醇和睾丸酮水平的影响.每天按小鼠体重一次腹腔注射0.025～0.400μg/kgd-1DBTCl,共染毒7d.实验条件为(22±2)℃和光暗=12h12h.结果表明,处理组睾丸酮和雌二醇的含量随处理剂量的增加而增加,当w（DBTCl）≥0.05μg/kg时,二者呈明显的剂量-效应关系.雌二醇含量的增加比睾丸酮更为显著CK雄性小鼠睾丸酮浓度为（2.88±0.72）ng/mL,在0.40μg/kg剂量组达到(9.95±2.5)μg/mL时,约为CK的3.5倍;而CK和0.40ng/kg剂量组妊娠小鼠雌二醇浓度分别为(30.32±5.43)ng/mL和(287.57±51.13)ng/mL,相差约9.5倍.文中还就DBTCl对小鼠血液中激素含量的影响机理进行了初步探讨.图1表2参20     

Butyltin compounds in sediment and fish from the Polish Coast of the Baltic Sea

Concentrations of mono- (MBT), di- (DBT), and tri-(TBT) butyltin compounds were measured in eggs, liver, and muscle of nine species of fish from four regions of the Baltic Sea - the Firth of Vistula, the Gulf of Gdańsk, Puck Bay, and the mouth of the Vistula River. The overall concentration ranges among all the fish sampled from the four sites were: < 7 to 79 ng/g for MBT, 6 to 1100 ng/g for DBT, 7 to 3600 ng/g for TBT, and 16 to 4800 ng/g for total BTs, on a wet wt basis. The highest concentration of total BTs was found in herring liver from the Firth of Vistula (4800 ng/g, wet wt) and in roach muscle from Puck Bay (3300 ng/g, wet wt), while the least concentration was found in burbot eggs and liver from the Vistula River (39 and 32 ng/g, wet wt, respectively). TBT was the major form of BTs present in most samples analyzed. Sediment samples collected from shipyards in the Gulf of Gdańsk contained butyltin concentrations ranging from 1.2 to 46 μg/g (dry wt) for MBT, 2.0 to 42 μg/g for DBT, and 2.6 to 40 μg/g for TBT. As with the fish, the majority of the BTs in sediment were present as TBT, which suggested recent exposure of the aquatic environment of the region to TBT.     

氯化二丁基锡对雌小鼠的生殖毒性

雌性小鼠妊娠第 6天开始每天 1次腹腔注射 0 0 2 5— 0 40 μg/(kg·d)氯化二丁基锡 (DBTCl) ,共染毒 7d .实验温度 2 2± 2℃ ,光 :暗 =1 2h∶1 2h .实验持续到妊娠第 1 8d .结果表明 ,BDTCl对妊娠小鼠和胎儿毒性很强 .在剂量≥ 0 0 5μg/kg作用下 ,母鼠食欲不振 ,体重下降 ,阴道、子宫出血 ,子宫萎缩 ,怀胎数减少 ,胎儿重量下降 ;死胎率和畸形率增加 ,尤以雌性胎儿为甚 ,二者与DBTCl之间呈现明显的剂量 效应关系 ,半数影响剂量分别为 0 2 8和 0 2 6μg/kg ;胎儿性比改变 ,雌性减少 ,雄性增加 .雌性胎儿对DBTCl的毒性比雄性敏感 .     

荧光法研究二丁基锡与人血清白蛋白结合机理

为了摸清二丁基锡(DBT)与人血清白蛋白(HSA)在分子水平上的结合机理,采用荧光光谱法分析船舶防螺涂料中主要防污成分———三丁基锡(TBT)化合物的降解产物二丁基锡(DBT)与人血清白蛋白(HSA)相互结合的方式与程度。研究结果表明,DBT与HAS浓度比<3时,DBT化合物与HSA是通过形成复合物的方式使HSA产生的静态猝灭;DBT对HSA分子两个内源性荧光贡献者色氨酸残基和酪氨酸残基的微区构象有影响。研究结果为研究DBT与HSA之间的相互作用关系提供理论依据。