Algal toxicity induced by effluents from textile-dyeing wastewater treatment plants

This research aimed to evaluate the alga Scenedesmus obliquus toxicity induced by textiledyeing effluents(TDE).The toxicity indicator of TDE in alga at the physiological(algal growyth),biochemical(chlorophyll-a(Chl-a) synthesis and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity) and structural(cell membrane integrity) level were investigated.Then we further study the relationship among toxicity indicators at physiological and biochemical level,and supplemented by research on algal biomacromolecules.According to the analysis of various endpoints of the alga,the general sensitivity sequence of toxicity endpoints of Scenedesmus obliquus was:SOD activity Chl-a synthesis algal growth.The stimulation rate of SOD activity increased from day 3(57.25%～83.02%) to day 6(57.25%～103.81%),and then decreased on day 15(-4.23%～-32.96%),which indicated that the antioxidant balance system of the algal cells was destroyed.The rate of Chl-a synthesis inhibition increased gradually,reaching19.70%～79.39% on day 15,while the rate of growth inhibition increased from day 3(-12.90%～10.16%) to day 15(-21.27%～72.46%).Moreover,the algal growth inhibition rate was positively correlated with the inhibition rate of SOD activity or Chl-a synthesis,with the correlation coefficients were 0.6713 and 0.5217,respectively.Algal cells would be stimulating to produce excessive reactive oxygen species,which would cause peroxidation in the cells,thereby destroying chloroplasts,inhibiting chlorophyll synthesis and reducing photosynthesis.With increasing exposure time,irreversible damage to algae can lead to death.This study is expected to enhance our understanding of the ecological risks through algal tests caused by TDE.     

氧基氯化铁非均相活化过一硫酸盐降解金橙Ⅱ

采用部分热分解法制备了氧基氯化铁（FeOCl）,用于活化过一硫酸盐（PMS）降解难降解偶氮染料金橙Ⅱ（AO7）.利用X射线光电子能谱分析（XPS）、扫描电镜（SEM）和X射线衍射光谱（XRD）对其进行了表征;通过实验评估FeOCl/PMS体系对AO7的降解效果并分析了影响AO7去除率的各种因素.结果表明：FeOCl活化PMS降解AO7效果良好,矿化率达44%.在中性条件下,当FeOCl投加量50mg/L、PMS浓度1.0mmol/L、AO7浓度0.05mmol/L时,AO7可在30min内完全降解.随PMS投加量、FeOCl投加量、Cl^-浓度和反应初始pH值的增大,AO7的脱色效果提高.FeOCl还具有良好的重复利用性.此外,通过自由基淬灭实验、EPR测试和XPS分析了反应的主要活性物种和反应机理：由PMS活化产生的SO₄^-·和·OH对污染物进行降解,其中主要活性物种为SO₄^-·.     

2-chlorophenol oxidation kinetic by photo-ssisted Fenton process

IntroductionTheo chlorophenolisaverytoxicandpoorlybiodegradablepollutant,whichisusedasanintermediateinthemanufactureofhigherchlorophenolandphenolresinsandforextractingsulphurandnitrogencompoundsfromcoals.Itisalsousedinorganicsynthesis(dyesandpesticide) .Oxidationofo chlorophenolwastewaterincatalyticwetairoxidationisofpracticalinterestsinceawastewatercontainingo chlorophenolover 2 0 0ppmmaynotbetreatedeffectivelybydirectbiologicalmethods.Advancedoxidationprocesses(AOPs)havebeensuccessfullyuse…     

Cobalt in alluvial Egyptian soils as affected by industrial activities

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＩｎｎａｔｕｒｅＣｏｏｃｃｕｒｓｉｎｔｗｏｏｘｉｄａｔｉｏｎｓｔａｔｅｓ ,Ｃｏ2 + ａｎｄＣｏ3+ ,ａｎｄｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｃｏｍｐｌｅｘａｎｉｏｎＣｏ(ＯＨ) - 3 ｉｓａｌｓｏｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｅ .ＤｕｒｉｎｇｗｅａｔｈｅｒｉｎｇＣｏｉｓｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅｌｙｍｏｂｉｌｅｉｎｏｘｉｄｉｚｉｎｇａｃｉｄｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ,ｂｕｔｄｕｅｔｏａｈｉｇｈｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎｂｙＦｅａｎｄＭｎｏｘｉｄｅｓ,ａｓｗｅｌｌａｓｂｙｃｌａｙｍｉｎｅｒａｌｓ,ｔｈｉｓｍｅｔａｌｄｏｅｓｎｏｔｍ…     

石英表面配合物与溶解动力学模型

阐述了石英表面配合物和溶解动力学机理之间的关系，指出了石英的反应性主要受负电性表面物种的控制，从而导致电解质、离子强度、pH等因素对石英溶解的催化效应．溶解达率的提高与反应活化能的降低成活化熵的增大有关。最后，介绍了在过渡态理论和表面反应模型基础上建立的石英溶解速率方程。     

塔里木盆地光温模式研究及其应用

建立了塔里木盆地光照、温度模式 ,该模式可以预测出塔里木盆地无资料地区各网格点的日照时数和冬季(1月)、夏季 (7月 )平均气温。在此基础上 ,应用统计学导出的极值分布和正态分布概率模式 ,预测了塔里木盆地各站上述要素不同概率的设计值。首次揭示了塔里木盆地无资料地区光照时间、温度分布规律。该模式为塔里木油田石油工业总体规划和大型工程设计及农业合理布局等提供了有效的科学依据     

太阳光助Fenton体系氧化降解苯酚废水的研究

探讨了太阳光助Fenton体系对苯酚的氧化降解。结果表明，太阳光能有效地增强Fenton试剂对苯酚的氧化降解，在晴天较强太阳光照下，Fenton试剂可在较短时间内使较高浓度的苯酚完全矿化。反应体系的初始pH值及Fe^2 用量均对苯酚的氧化降解有明显影响，反应的适宜pH值在3—4的酸性范围内；适量Fe^2 参与的太阳光—Fenton反应有助于苯酚的降解，但过高的Fe^2 用量反而不利于苯酚的降解。实验结果还表明，采用分批多次投加的方式可明显提高氧化剂H202的利用效率，降低H202的消耗量；苯酚废水降解的主要中间产物为苯醌和有机酸；一定程度的太阳光—Fenton预氧化处理可使废水的BOD5／C02cr比值由0.10捉高到0.32，可生化性明显提高。     

催化技术在污染物治理应用的研究进展

对近年来催化技术在污染物治理应用的研究进展进行了综述,指出了现在研究中存在的主要问题,并对其前景进行了展望。     

Neutron activation method in the analysis of environmental objects

ＮｅｕｔｒｏｎａｃｔｉｖａｔｉｏｎｍｅｔｈｏｄｉｎｔｈｅａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｏｂｊｅｃｔｓＧ．Ｍ．Ｋｏｌｅｓｏｖ（Ｖ．Ｉ．ＶｅｒｎａｄｓｋｙＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＧｅｏｃｈｅｍ。＆Ａｎａｌ．Ｃｈｅｍ．，ＲｕｓｓｉａｎＡｃａｄ...     

无机高分子絮凝剂聚硅铝铁硼的制备及其絮凝性能研究

以工业水玻璃、氯化铝、氯化铁、硼酸为原料，制备了一种性能优良的无机高分子絮凝剂聚硅铝铁硼(PSBFA)。通过考察不同pH值条件下水玻璃的胶凝时间、Si／Al物质的量比、硼的浓度、熟化时间等因素对聚硅铝铁硼产品应用性能的影响，确定了聚硅铝铁硼的最佳制备条件为pH值为2～4，Si／Al物质的量比在1．0左右，硼的浓度为0．02mol／L，熟化时间为5d左右。絮凝应用实验表明，聚硅铝铁硼对于印染废水脱色效果、生活污水的COD去除率具有优异的絮凝性能；与传统混凝剂硫酸铝和市售混凝剂聚合氯化铝(PAC)相比，PSBFA的具有投加量少、沉降速度快、絮体体积小等优点。