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1.
Agata Gallipoli Camilla M. Bragugli Andrea Gianico Daniele Montecchio Pamela Pagliaccia 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(3):167-179
Biowaste valorization through anaerobic digestion is an attractive option to achieve both climate protection goals and renewable energy production. In this paper, a complete set of batch trials was carried out on kitchen waste to investigate the effects of mild thermal pretreatment, temperature regimen and substrate/inoculum ratio. Thermal pretreatment was effective in the solubilisation of macromolecular fractions, particularly carbohydrates. The ability of the theoretical methodologies in estimating hydrogen and methane yields of complex substrates was evaluated by comparing the experimental results with the theoretical values. Despite the single batch configuration, a significant initial hydrogen production was observed, prior to methane yield. Main pretreatment effect was the gain in hydrogen production; the extent was highly variable according to the other parameters values. High hydrogen yields, up to 113 mL H2/g VSfed, were related to the prompt transformation of soluble sugars. Thermophilic regimen resulted, as expected, in faster digestions (up to 78 mL CH4/gVS/day) and sorted out pH inhibition. The relatively low methane yields (342–398 mL CH4/g VSfed) were the result of the consistent lignocellulosic content and low lipid content. Thermal pretreatment proved to be a promising option for the enhancement of hydrogen production in food waste dark fermentation. 相似文献
2.
研究了轻质油中痕量砷的几种样品处理方法。实验表明,石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定时,用碘-甲苯和H2O2-HNO3相结合处理轻质油样品较为合适,萃取效率可达90%。并对影响萃取测定的其它因素作了初步探讨。 相似文献
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抗生素制药废水的处理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
王强 《辽宁城乡环境科技》2006,26(3):49-51
锦州九泰制药废水属于不易生化类废水,废水量1000m^3/d,污水站总投资140万元。本文阐述了该工程的水质、预处理、生化处理工艺、活性污泥的培养与驯化及运行效果与设计特点。 相似文献
5.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(4):222-233
Anaerobic digestion (AD) of swine manure (SM) commonly shows low biogas output and unsatisfactory economic performance. In this study, thermophilic AD (TAD, 50 ± 1 °C) was combined with thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (THP, 170 °C/10 bar), to investigate its potential for maximizing biogas yield, securing successful digestion and microbial diversity, as well as improving energy balance. Four lab-scale continuously stirred tank reactors were operated for 300 days and compared with each other, i.e., reactor 1 (raw SM fed in mesophilic AD: RSM-MAD), reactor 2 (THP-treated SM fed in MAD: TSM-MAD), reactor 3 (RSM-TAD), and reactor 4 (TSM-TAD). The results showed that THP was efficient to increase methane production of SM, TSM-TAD mode led to the highest methane yield (129.8 ± 40.5 mL-CH4/g-VS/day) among the tests (p < 0.05). Although TAD was more likely to induce free ammonia (> 700 mg/L) or volatile fatty acids (> 6000 mg/L) accumulation compared with MAD in start-up phase, TSM-TAD treatment mode behaved a sustainable digestion process in a long-term operation. For TSM-TAD scenario, higher Shannon–Weaver (3.873) and lower Simpson index (0.061) indicated this mode ensured and enlarged the diversity of bacteria communities. Phylum Bathyarchaeota was dominant (59.3%−90.0%) in archaea community, followed by Euryarchaeota in the four reactors. RSM-MAD treatment mode achieved the highest energy output (4.65 GJ/day), TSM-TAD was less effective (−17.38 GJ/day) due to increased energy demands. Thus improving the energetic efficiency of THP units is recommended for the development of TSM-TAD treatment mode. 相似文献
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Biological pretreatment of Yellow River water 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
XIE Shu-guang TANG Xiao-yan WU Wei-zhong WEN Dong-hui WANG Zhan-sheng 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2005,17(4):557-561
Bio-ceramic filter(BF) and moving-bed biofilm reactor(MBBR) were used for biological pretreatment of Yellow River water in this study. The BF only had slight advantage over MBBR for TOC and ammonia removal. However, like UV254, the average removal rate of THMFP in the BF was much higher than that in the MBBR. UV254 removal did not show obvious correlation with trihalomethane formation potential(THMFP) removal. Hexachlorocyclohexane could be effectively removed in both BF and MBBR. As for diatom and cyanobateria removal the MBBR had better performance than the BF, which was contrary to the average chlorophyll-a(Chl-a) removal rate. The proposal was made in this study that biological flocculation and sedimentation of sloughed biofilm should play a more important role on algae removal in the MBBR than in the BF. The BF and MBBR could effectively remove microcystins. Moreover, MBBR could be a promising technology for biological pretreatment. 相似文献
8.
针对鱼油工业废水排放特点及处理技术难点,结合实例,采用混凝、破乳进行物化预处理;采用A/O生化处理技术,提出合适的工艺流程。 相似文献
9.
对于地震科学来说,观测是它的立足之本,如果没有观测那就像一个人没有心脏一样。担负观测任务的就是各个地震台站,如何得到真实、可靠、连续的观测数据,是各个地震台站一致追求的目标。提高地震台站的监测水平和运行效率,一方面要加强管理,另一方面要对观测数据进行正确的预处理工作,包括日志的详细记录,各种情况的认真标注等。本文结合南山台实际,以数字化仪器为主,着重谈谈日常管理和数字资料预处理的一些看法。 相似文献
10.
剩余污泥中木质纤维素稳定并转化能源可行性分析 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1
剩余污泥中往往含有大量木质纤维素物质,在厌氧消化过程中难以降解,最终被浓缩于熟污泥中,这就是导致污泥有机物稳定并转化能源效率低下的主要原因之一.本文分析了剩余污泥中木质纤维素的含量与来源;阐述了木质纤维素的结构特点以及对其生物降解的关键技术所在;揭示了污泥常规预处理与木质纤维素预处理存在工艺条件不同的相似技术.文章结合两种预处理技术的特点和工艺条件,从原理、技术等角度分析了通过强化剩余污泥预处理而同时达到破解木质纤维素的技术思路.为此,提出了将污泥细胞破碎与木质纤维素破解耦合的观点,以期将污泥中木质纤维素的稳定与能源转化合二为一,从而构建木质纤维素稳定化、能源化与碳减排三位一体的技术策略 相似文献