卷烟厂通风空调系统中聚积物燃烧特性研究

选取某烟厂车间通风空调系统,分别对风管内表面及设备部件表面附着的聚积物进行实测与分析.通过对所采集样品的C、H、N、S等的元素分析、工业分析、自然状态下的着火点参数以及灰熔融性参数等的实验分析,得到了烟厂建筑的通风空调系统中聚积物的燃烧特性,为工业建筑火灾的预测评价及防排烟设计提供了参考.     

Effectiveness of HVAC Duct Cleaning Procedures in Improving Indoor Air Quality

Indoor air quality has become one of the most seriousenvironmental concerns as an average person spends about 22 hrindoors on a daily basis. The study reported in this article, wasconducted to determine the effectiveness of three commercialHVAC (Heating Ventilation Air Conditioning) duct cleaning processes in reducing the level of airborne particulate matterand viable bioaerosols. The three HVAC sanitation processeswere: (1) Contact method (use of conventional vacuum cleaning ofinterior duct surfaces); (2) Air sweep method (use of compressedair to dislodging dirt and debris); (3) Rotary brush method(insertion of a rotary brush into the ductwork to agitate anddislodge the debris). Effectiveness of these sanitationprocesses was evaluated in terms of airborne particulate andviable bioaerosol concentrations in residential homes. Eightidentical homes were selected in the same neighborhood. Twohomes were cleaned using each procedure and two were used ascontrols. It was found that both particle count readings andbioaerosol concentrations were higher when cleaning was beingperformed than before or after cleaning, which suggests thatdirt, debris and other pollutants may become airborne as aresult of disturbances caused by the cleaning processes.Particle count readings at 0.3 micron size were found to haveincreased due to cigarette smoking. Particle counts at 1.0micron size were reduced due to HVAC duct cleaning. Post-levelbioaerosol concentrations, taken two days after cleaning, werefound to be lower than the pre-level concentrations suggestingthat the cleaning procedures were effective to some extent.Homes cleaned with the Air Sweep procedure showed the highestdegree of reduction in bioaerosol concentration among the threeprocedures investigated.     

空调系统对室内空气品质的影响及改进对策

空调系统在系统设计、施工安装及运行管理方面的某些不足，造成了对室内空气品质的不良影响，危及室内人员的身心健康，提出了增加新风量与有效的空气过滤，改进与开发新技术、新产品，减少室内污染物产生及加强对空调系统运行管理等对策。强调改善室内空气品质需要全社会的重视和进行综合治理。     

暖通空调设计的LCC概念

寿命周期概念，即空调系统从庭生到报废的整个期间的费用总和，提出在暖通空调设计中考虑生命周期概念和具体设计过程。     

An Exergy Aware Optimization and Control Algorithm for Sustainable Buildings

Abstract

Heating and air-conditioning systems have very low exergetic efficiency as they dissipate primary energy resources at low temperatures usually between 90 and 60°C. This compounds the problem that buildings spend approximately 30% of all the energy consumed in the U.S. for heating and air-conditioning. The overall result is a large entropy production and long-term environmental degradation that can be resolved only by substituting primary energy resources by low-temperature, waste, or alternative energy resources, usually available below 50°C. For such a replacement to be feasible the environmental cost of exergy production must be factored into calculations and compatible HVAC systems must be developed without any need for temperature peaking or equipment oversizing. This article addresses environmental and often-conflicting problems associated with exergy production by HVAC systems and presents an analytical optimization and control algorithm. Results indicate that when a careful design optimization is accompanied by a dynamic control of the split between radiant and convective means of satisfying thermal HVAC loads, exergy efficient sustainable buildings may be cost effective and environmentally benign.     

暖通空调系统节能措施探讨

在现代建筑节能体系中,暖通空调系统具有十分重要的作用。节能技术之研究与运用,是暖通空调系统节能的组成部分之一,而政府部门的关心与重视,则能充分节能,产生较为显著的社会效益,促进社会经济的快速发展。文章从不断提高系统的控制水平、应用变频技术实现节能效果、推广使用可再生能源的空调系统、尽量减少输送系统产生的动力能耗、使用新型节能的健康空调运行方式等五个方面探讨了暖通空调系统的节能措施。