Resource Consumption and Environmental Impacts of the Agrofood Sector: Life Cycle Assessment of Italian Citrus-Based Products

Food production and consumption cause significant environmental burdens during the product life cycles. As a result of intensive development and the changing social attitudes and behaviors in the last century, the agrofood sector is the highest resource consumer after housing in the EU. This paper is part of an effort to estimate environmental impacts associated with life cycles of the agrofood chain, such as primary energy consumption, water exploitation, and global warming. Life cycle assessment is used to investigate the production of the following citrus-based products in Italy: essential oil, natural juice, and concentrated juice from oranges and lemons. The related process flowcharts, the relevant mass and energy flows, and the key environmental issues are identified for each product. This paper represents one of the first studies on the environmental impacts from cradle to gate for citrus products in order to suggest feasible strategies and actions to improve their environmental performance.

浓缩果汁中氰戊菊酯和溴氰菊酯农药残留测定方法研究

应用柱层析净化技术和毛细管气相色谱法,采取恒温模式和不分流进样方式,在μ-ECD检测器上测定浓缩果汁样品中氰戊菊酯和溴氰菊酯农药的残留组份。测定结果表明：2种农药分离效果较好,其线性范围较宽（0.1-10mg/L,可达ppm级）,在规定浓度范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系;方法的最低检测限氰戊菊酯为0.560μg/L,溴氰菊酯为0.702μg/L,相对标准偏差均小于10%（5.78%-8.62%）,其加标回收率在89.2%-103.6%之间。研究建立的方法简便、快速、经济,具有良好的灵敏度、精密度和准确度,可以满足浓缩果汁样品中菊酯类农药的残留检测要求。