浅析空气质量监测连续自动采样分析及运行管理

通过14年在环境空气质量监测中,采用连续自动采样实验分析方法,介绍了环境空气监测点位的布设、连续采样监测技术及其运行管理。     

CMFC连续微滤装置处理城市污水处理厂出水的应用

以管式膜连续微滤装置对城市污水处理厂二沉池出水处理回用的可行性进行了应用试验,在试验中分别研究了运行压力和反冲间隔时间与膜通量关系,不同的混凝剂对处理后的出水COD、NH3-N以及浊度的影响。结果表明该装置在运行压力为0.12～0.15MPa,反冲洗间隔为18min的条件下连续运行,吨水能耗仅为0.45kW·h/m3。此时对COD、氨氮和浊度的去除率,分别为75.71%、40.26%和94.49%,处理后出水COD、氨氮、浊度均明显优于《生活杂用水水质标准》中的相关规定。该装置成本低、操作简单,用于污水回用具有较高技术经济可行性。     

烟气自动在线监控系统的历史发展与技术分析

对现阶段我国烟气自动在线监测系统(对固定污染源排放的烟气中的SO2、NOx、CO等气态污染物进行自动连续监测和数据自动在线传输的系统,称为Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems,简称CEMS)仪器设备市场上的三种主要技术方法:直接分析法,in-situ;完全抽取法,Extractive;稀释法,Dilution,结合安装使用现场实际工作,进行了对比与分析,并提出了烟气自动在线监测系统CEMS的改良方法与发展方向.     

亚铵制浆黑液非无菌操作连续发酵生产酵母

从土壤中筛选出能在亚铵黑液中生长的毕赤酵母菌株（Ｐｉｃｈｉａ ｓｐ．Ｎｏ．１）经耐毒驯化后，可接种于酸析脱木素和汽提脱毒后的亚铵黑液中，在非无菌操作条件下连续发酵生产酵母菌体，该菌生产迅速，连续培养衡释率达０．２６ｈ＾－１，总糖的酵母得率为０．４８ｇ／ｇ（ＴＳ），ＣＯＤ去除２３％，菌体易絮凝，可自然沉降分离。     

80m烟囟排放放射性气溶胶连续自动监测

本文介绍采用德国进口的ＬＢ９１００Ｄ监测系统对８０ｍ烟囟排放的α放射性气溶胶浓度进行连续、自动监测。并与国产ＦＪ－３６７，ＦＨ－４６３Ａ装置进行了对比则量，两套装置的测量结果符合得较好。     

隔震连续梁桥结构以位移为基础的抗震设计方法

笔者对隔震连续梁桥结构提出了一种以位移为基础的抗震设计方法 ,建立了设计位移反应谱 ,给出了设计步骤 ,该方法可对对称与非对称隔震连续梁桥结构采用相同的设计步骤进行基于位移的抗震设计 ,最后对设计算例用振型分析和非线性时程分析验证了设计结果的合理性     

Landscape trajectory of natural boreal forest loss as an impediment to green infrastructure

Loss of natural forests by forest clearcutting has been identified as a critical conservation challenge worldwide. This study addressed forest fragmentation and loss in the context of the establishment of a functional green infrastructure as a spatiotemporally connected landscape-scale network of habitats enhancing biodiversity, favorable conservation status, and ecosystem services. Through retrospective analysis of satellite images, we assessed a 50- to 60-year spatiotemporal clearcutting impact trajectory on natural and near-natural boreal forests across a sizable and representative region from the Gulf of Bothnia to the Scandinavian Mountain Range in northern Fennoscandia. This period broadly covers the whole forest clearcutting period; thus, our approach and results can be applied to comprehensive impact assessment of industrial forest management. The entire study region covers close to 46,000 km² of forest-dominated landscape in a late phase of transition from a natural or near-natural to a land-use modified state. We found a substantial loss of intact forest, in particular of large, contiguous areas, a spatial polarization of remaining forest on regional scale where the inland has been more severely affected than the mountain and coastal zones, and a pronounced impact on interior forest core areas. Salient results were a decrease in area of the largest intact forest patch from 225,853 to 68,714 ha in the mountain zone and from 257,715 to 38,668 ha in the foothills zone, a decrease from 75% to 38% intact forest in the inland zones, a decrease in largest patch core area (assessed by considering 100-m patch edge disturbance) from 6114 to 351 ha in the coastal zone, and a geographic imbalance in protected forest with an evident predominance in the mountain zone. These results demonstrate profound disturbance of configuration of the natural forest landscape and disrupted connectivity, which challenges the establishment of functional green infrastructure. Our approach supports the identification of forests for expanded protection and conservation-oriented forest landscape restoration.     

磷酸盐对亚硝化系统的抑制及恢复

通过接种城镇污水处理厂的污泥,采用连续流反应器启动亚硝化系统并改变进水磷酸盐的浓度,研究了不同磷酸盐浓度对亚硝化系统的影响.结果表明经过14 d的运行,亚硝化系统启动成功,氨氮转化率达到92.2%,亚硝酸盐累积率为73.66%,亚硝酸盐产生速率达到14.42 g·(m~3·d)~(-1).磷酸盐浓度在10~30 mg·L~(-1)时对亚硝化系统的影响并不大;随着磷酸盐浓度持续提高,氨氮转化率在不断降低.当磷酸盐的浓度为80 mg·L~(-1)时,系统的氨氮转化率为13.6%,亚硝酸盐累积率仅18.19%,亚硝酸盐产生速率仅0.54 g·(m~3·d)~(-1),亚硝化反应受到严重抑制.将进水磷酸盐浓度降低到0,经过14 d运行,亚硝化系统获得恢复,且氨氮转化率可以达到80%以上,亚硝酸盐累积率达到86.96%,亚硝酸盐产生速率为15.63g·(m~3·d)~(-1).     

无线电引信电磁辐射能量耦合路径研究

目的为了确定外界电磁能量究竟如何进入到引信电路内部,针对无线电引信的电磁能量耦合路径进行系统研究。方法通过对多种引信进行不同形式的连续波、强电磁脉冲电磁辐照效应试验,对比引信天线、孔缝、弹体、电源模块等部位的能量耦合可能性。分析连续波、强电磁脉冲电磁环境对无线电引信作用的耦合规律。结果确定了电磁信号类型和引信接地结构是影响电磁能量耦合通道的关键因素,揭示了前门耦合是连续波电磁辐射环境的最主要方式。结论弹体或引信前端与电路共地的金属部件是强电磁脉冲辐射环境的主要能量路径,从而为无线电引信抗电磁性能加固的实施提供了有益参考。