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联苯代谢对微生物的生长胁迫及分裂抑制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以联苯/多氯联苯降解菌株R04(Rhodococcus sp.R04)和几种模式微生物为研究对象,利用高效液相色谱、荧光显微镜、扫描电子显微镜等分析微生物在联苯及其代谢物培养条件下细胞分裂和形态的变化.结果表明联苯及其代谢产物对红球菌R04和几种模式微生物细胞的分裂有抑制作用,并对部分微生物形态有影响.与前体-联苯及其代谢产物2-羟基-6-酮基-6-苯基-2,4-己二烯酸相比,2,3-二羟基联苯对G+、G-细菌,或是酵母细胞分裂都有较强的抑制和形态的改变.2,3-二羟基联苯导致R.R04和缺陷型R.R04细胞形成不完整隔膜的比例增加;造成96.4%的大肠杆菌BL21细胞表面凹陷,胞质内容物流失,菌体体积缩小;导致枯草芽孢杆菌89.6%的细胞体积明显缩小;导致金黄色葡萄球菌基本没有细胞能形成完整的分裂隔膜;导致红酵母细胞能进行出芽生殖的比例从64.2%降低到19.3%,但对其细胞形态无明显改变.联苯代谢物2,3-二羟基联苯对红球菌R04及其它微生物细胞分裂和增殖的抑制作用比其前体-联苯强,建议在研究环境化合物与微生物互作时,应考虑环境化合物代谢的毒性效应. 相似文献
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The electrochemical degradation of p-nitrophenol (PNP) under di erent conditions was investigated. The electrochemical behavior
of PNP and its reduction product p-aminophenol (PAP) on stainless steel cathode and Ti/Pt anode through cyclic voltammetry were
observed. Electrochemical degradation process was performed in an undivided cell and 92% PNP was removed corresponding to a
22% total organic carbon removal. A divided cell was also used and it was found that PNP degradation was mainly attributed to
cathodic reduction, while anodic oxidation was responsible for PNP removal due to the reaction with hydroxyl radicals and surface
oxide generated on the anode. The sequential electrolytic processes, reduction-oxidation and oxidation-reduction, were compared in the
divided cell. In the case of reduction-oxidation process, the total organic carbon removal reached 40%, but PNP removal was the same
with the undivided cell. A black deposit was found in the e uent and identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as a polymer
of PAP produced by the 1,4-addition reaction of quinoneimine. Intermediates left in the solution such as hydroquinone, p-benzoquinone
and PAP were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Whereas, the oxidation-reduction process proved unsatisfying. 相似文献
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^3H的辐射生物学效应的研究——氚水对莱哈衣藻细胞分裂率的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
摘要氚(^3H)为一种重要的放射性毒素。经氚水(HTO)在细胞内和细胞外照射后,莱哈衣藻细胞分裂率k值下降。HTO剂量越高,k值越小,在一定范围内照射时间越长,处理组的k值与对照组的k值相差越大。k值的变化与辐射剂量、辐射时间有相关性。 相似文献
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蚕豆根尖微核技术研究水体中铊的遗传毒性 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
铊(Tl)是剧毒的重金属元素.含铊矿产资源在开发利用过程中会释放铊,对生态环境和人体健康造成威胁.目前我国尚缺乏水环境中铊的安全标准.文章利用蚕豆根尖微核技术(Vicia faba-root tip cells micronucleus test)研究水体中铊的遗传毒性,为生态安全评价提供理论依据.结果表明:水体中铊含量在0~3 μg·L-1范围内,随铊含量的增加,蚕豆根尖微核率和污染指数逐渐加大.当铊含量为2.0、3.0 μg·L-1时,微核率分别为22.69‰和51.51‰,与空白对照差异极显著(P<0.01),而且污染指数分别为3.80和8.63;铊对蚕豆根尖细胞分裂的作用规律不明显,在铊含量为0.3 μg·L-1时,蚕豆根尖细胞分裂受到显著抑制(P<0.05),但随铊含量的增加,根尖细胞分裂并无显著影响.根据统计结果及污染指数,初步确定水体中铊含量1.0 μg·L-1为安全含量,铊含量在2.0 μg·L-1以上时为重度污染. 相似文献
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