热辐射的破坏准则和池火灾的破坏半径

热辐射破坏是发生在开放气环境中的池火灾的主要破坏机理。本文讨论了热辐射的破坏准则，提出预测池火灾破坏半径的方法，进行了数值模拟计算，分而和时纳了池火灾的基本规律     

事物安全演化过程的基本理论研究

安全状态的演化过程是事物发展变化过程的重要组成部分.事物的安全演化过程符合从量变到质变的原理,即服从"安全流变-突变"规律.基于事物"安全流变-突变"规律,建立理论模型,并分析和描述事物的安全演化过程.事物"安全流变-突变"规律的研究为揭示事物的安全本质规律奠定了基础.     

Estimating population dynamics without population data

We develop a biologically correct cost system for production systems facing invasive pests that allows the estimation of population dynamics without a priori knowledge of their true values. We apply that model to a data set for olive producers in Crete and derive from it predictions about the underlying population dynamics. Those dynamics are compared to information on population dynamics obtained from pest sampling with extremely favorable results.     

水库水氯化消毒副产物毒性研究

为了证实水库出水的氯化消毒副产物CHClBr2和CHBr3具有一定的遗传毒性,将水库出水进行浓缩富集研究其对小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞DNA的影响。同时分别与水库枯水期和丰水期出水的小鼠彗星实验结果进行了对比,发现氯化消毒副产物CHClBr2和CHBr3的DNA损伤效应同时高于两个水期的出厂水。     

游乐设施危险源、损伤、失效和故障概念辨析

针对游乐设施行业危险源、损伤、失效和故障四个概念的认知差异,通过研究相关领域这四个概念定义内涵及外延,结合游乐设施安全保障要求高、人-机-环交互频繁、运行工况复杂的特点,重新定义游乐设施这四个概念,辨析相互之间的逻辑关系,并结合游乐设施事故案例进行解析.结果表明:新定义对游乐设施危险源、失效、损伤和故障之间的关系阐述更加清晰准确,为后续的风险评价奠定良好基础.     

氨制冷压力容器定期检验相关问题分析

随着大量制冷装置的建成和使用,氨制冷企业安全问题日益突出,定期检验作为保证在役氨制冷压力容器安全使用的一个重要环节,目前仍存检验依据不清、检验项目不明、检验针对性不足等问题.文中对氨制冷压力容器定期检验现状进行了介绍,对氨制冷压力容器损伤机理进行了分析和讨论,从损伤模式判别的角度提出了相应的检验策略,给相关人员提供一些...     

Damage to offshore oil and gas facilities following hurricanes Katrina and Rita: An overview

Hurricanes Katrina and Rita hit the centre of the American petrochemical industry, shutting down eight refineries, hundreds of oil-drilling and production platforms, and many other industrial facilities. Furthermore, it triggered unprecedented numbers of hazardous-materials releases from industrial facilities and storage terminals onshore, as well as from oil and gas production facilities offshore in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). In this paper, we analyse the damage caused by the two hurricanes on the offshore oil and gas industry. Hurricanes Katrina and Rita caused the largest number of destroyed and damaged platforms and pipelines, and the highest number of mobile offshore drilling units set adrift in the history of GoM operations. Following the hurricanes, changes have been proposed to operating and emergency procedures, maintenance requirements, and design practices including mooring practices for mobile offshore drilling units.     

Mutagenicity evaluation of chemical pesticides

Abstract

Over the last few decades, the use of chemical pesticides has increased dramatically in the U.S. This relatively sudden increase greatly concerns the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), since it has the responsibility for ensuring the safety of all pesticides used in the U.S. In response to this concern, EPA has established a review program, the Rebuttable Presumption Against Registration (RPAR), for periodically reassessing the mutagenic and carcinogenic potential of pesticide compounds.

This paper presents a review and evaluation of the data reported in the literature on six chemical pesticides suspect for mutagenic potential. The pesticide chemicals discussed are maleic hydrazide; rotenone; monuron; diallate; triallate, and benomyl.     

Implications of simultaneity in a physical damage function

A modeler must often rely on highly simplified representations of complex physical systems when analyzing associated economic issues. Herein, we consider a management problem in which a bioeconomic system exhibits simultaneity in processes governing productivity and damage. In this case, it may benefit the producer to sacrifice productivity to reduce the costs associated with increased damage. We specify empirically a structural damage relationship that explains the biological process by which an invasive species damages a host and estimate the structural model and its reduced form with an exceptional dataset on infestation of olives by the olive fruit fly. We contrast the results of these models with the approach typically taken in the economic literature, which expresses damage as a function of pest density. The population-based approach introduces significantly greater bias into the individual grower's choice of damage-control inputs than estimates based on the structural model.