法国环境侵权救济法研究

从和实务两方面对法国环境侵权的有关问题作出探讨，包括环境民事侵权的损害赔偿，环境民事侵权的侵害排除，环境行政侵权的救济等。     

Spontaneous resettlement after drought: An Ethiopian example*

Based upon two recent periods of fieldwork among a spontaneously resettled population of cattle herders in southwestern Ethiopia, this paper is an attempt to illustrate, by a particular case, the general proposition that external aid, if it is not to be counter-productive, must meet people's needs as they themselves define them. The people in question, the Mursi, have experienced, since 1970, their worst period of drought and hunger in living memory. They have responded to this experience with resilience and inventiveness and largely without external assistance. The paper concentrates on a recent, drought induced, migration of Mursi to higher land, outside their traditional territory, and shows how the migrants are adapting to a new way of life which brings them into direct conflict with some of their most cherished cultural traditions.     

地貌对矿区环境,灾害的影响与对策

论述了地貌对矿区环境、灾害的产生及发展的影响，并以中国几个矿区的实例论述这一问题，同时，提出一些减缓影响的对策．     

OBIA与RF结合的龙口市土地利用信息提取方法

为提高中分辨率遥感影像解译精度,本文提出面向对象影像分析（Object Based Image Analysis,OBIA）与随机森林（Random Forest,RF）结合的土地利用信息提取方法。采用Landsat 8 OLI影像,针对不同地物特点,阈值分割和多尺度分割结合创建影像对象,规则集和分类器协同分类,基于Relief F算法分别对光谱特征、纹理特征及所有特征降维筛选特征子集,并与全部特征一起应用RF建模,对龙口市进行土地利用信息提取与比较。结果表明：OBIA与RF结合提取土地利用信息,基于Relief F算法筛选纹理特征,保留完整光谱、几何、空间关系特征构建RF模型,建模错分率为0.0958,分类总体精度和Kappa系数分别为89.37%和0.872,取得较理想结果。该方法可应用于中分辨率遥感影像土地利用信息提取。     

Spatial distribution of main forest soil groups in Croatia as a function of basic pedogenetic factors

The model of spatial distribution of main forest soil groups in Croatia was developed as a function of basic pedogenetic factors: lithological substratum, macroclimate and relief. Used data about soil group, lithological substratum, terrain slope and aspect were collected on 1881 soil profiles. Macroclimatic data were estimated for each soil profile by spatial interpolation between meteorological stations. Feedforward neural networks were used as modelling tool. The final model has total classification correctness of 63.5% for training data set and 62.3% for independent test data set. The best result (86.4%) was achieved for fluvisols which are strongly spatially correlated with alluvial sediment in a flood plains. The worst result was achieved for luvisol (14.2%) which mainly comprised very old soils, probably developed under pedogenetic factors different from actual. The model was applied on entire Croatian territory aiming at construction of potential spatial distribution of main forest soils (without human impact), which was compared by the potential spatial distribution of major forest types modelled independently.     

中国环境侵权救济法律制度的现状及其完善

对中国环境侵权救济法律制度的现状进行了系统分析和评价，包括其法律依据和救济途径。对其法律制度的完善提出相应建议。     

Lessons in logistics from Somalia

By February 1981 the refugee relief operation in Somalia was close to breakdown. The Governor of Somalia and the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) contracted the agency CARE to manage the logistics of the operation. By August 1981 over 99 % of food received at Mogadishu was reaching the camps. Here we describe this apparent success, and attempt to diagnose the contributing factors. Chief among these are dynamic leadership, 'systems' management, adaptability of personnel, the use of professional Indian food monitors in the camps, and the support given by the Government. The chief qualification on the success of the operation has been the continued dependency on expatriate expertise.
General conclusions are offered relating to the management of logistics in relief operations. The most important conclusion is that there is a prime need for logistics to be centralized in a single organization at the start of major emergencies. We point to the current inadequacy in an international relief system which fails to ensure this, and suggest that a new or existing part of the United Nations family be given a 'brief for in-country logistics' to become a UN Emergency Logistics Office.     

环境救济法的体系——由四川藏区农村环境公害问题引出

以四川藏区农村的环境公害问题为引入对象,结合先进国家和地区的农村生态环境法制管理救济机制和应对机制,从现行相关程序法和实体法的法理角度,初步阐释适合我国农村生态环境法制实现的救济处理机制和救济途径,从而在一定程序上构建起我国的环境救济法体系。     

Medical supplies management in the cholera epidemic in Somalia 1985

In March/April 1985 a cholera epidemic of explosive speed affected a population of 45,000 newly arrived refugees in the town of Hargeysa in the North-West region of Somalia. Seven hundred and sixty one people were killed by the disease within ten days. Great efforts were made on regional, national and international levels in order to reduce mortality and to control the spread of the disease, and large amounts of relief supplies were immediately flown into the country from various aid organizations and governments. This paper describes the supplies management during the operation, with an emphasis on the mobilization of supplies from abroad and from the capital into the emergency area. Recommendations are offered for the organization of medical supplies during cholera outbreaks. The author worked during the epidemic as co-ordinating secretary for relief supplies in Mogadishu.     

API standard 521 guidance on mixing of hot/cold liquids and prevention of superheat limit explosions

American Petroleum Institute (API) standards and recommended practices have identified inadvertent mixing of hot and cold liquids as a potential cause for equipment overpressure since 1955. The limited guidance has been informative but provides minimal if any details on conditions that could cause an overpressure and its potential severity. Therefore, the user must interpret how and when to prevent and/or mitigate the scenario. This guidance has changed little over the years. In June 2020, API published the 7th Edition of API Standard 521 which now provides specific guidance as to conditions whereby pressure relief devices can be considered for protection and conditions where prevention remains as the only recourse. This paper discusses the basis for the revised guidance in API Standard 521 and includes supplemental guidance.