论矿山环境岩土工程

矿山环境岩土（地质）工程问题是我国环境治理的一个重点和热点问题。本文通过对矿山开发、开采过程中可能出现的几种环境岩土工程问题的分析,提出了几种对矿山环境岩土工程问题进行研究的方法和途径。得出了建立典型的具有代表性的“理论基地”、充分利用现有的新理论新技术和系统论的思维方法是解决矿山环境岩土工程问题的重要方法的结论。     

元胞自动机在矿山地质灾害预测中的应用

本文根据复杂性科学理论,论证了地质灾害系统是一个复杂大系统。元胞自动机（Cellular Automata,CA）是一种重要的复杂性科学研究工具,本文阐述了元胞自动机的基本原理和方法,总结了其基本特点,认为元胞自动机在安全科学与技术领域有着广阔的应用前景,并探讨了其在滑波预测、地下水渗透、岩爆预测等几种矿山地质灾害预测中的应用。     

The Tlokwe City Council Dolomite Management Desk: a communication and relationship management perspective

Two-way communication and strong relationships between government and affected communities are necessary to enhance the latter's resilience to disaster risks. The Tlokwe City Council (TCC) in the North-West province, South Africa, is facing a dolomite and sinkhole disaster risk that threatens the safety of several residential areas, including informal settlements. A dolomite disaster risk reduction (DRR) management system such as the TCC Dolomite Management Desk (DMD) can be used to facilitate two-way communication and strong relationships between government and the affected communities. Semi-structured interviews with two different groups of people were conducted and the responses evaluated to determine in what way DRR communication via the Tlokwe DMD served to establish strong relationships between the TCC and the affected community. It was found that the two groups of interviewees had contradictory views on the risk communication and quality of relationships as facilitated by the Tlokwe DMD. These views illuminated the predicament of communicating about the dolomite and sinkhole risk. The Tlokwe DMD is unique in South Africa and its ability to enable communication and strong government–community relationships needs to be developed further. Recommendations are made in this regard.     

汶川8.0级地震触发地质灾害发育分布规律研究

汶川8.0级地震共触发地质灾害13 759处,灾区39个县(市、区)的地质灾害发育密度达14.02处/100 km2。该文采用以上数据,探讨了地震地质灾害的区域性分布规律,着重分析了地震地质灾害与地震烈度、地层岩性、地形坡度及海拔高程等影响因素的关系,得出以下认识:1研究区地震地质灾害主要分布于发震断裂两侧30 km范围内,在区域上表现出沿龙门山中央断裂呈"带状"分布、沿水系呈"线状"或"串状"分布的特征;2地震地质灾害发生的斜坡部位与微地貌形态有着密切的关系,地震地质灾害多沿山脊线或分水岭部位高位分布;3地震地质灾害的发育程度与地震烈度呈正相关关系,地质灾害的发育密度,随着地震烈度等级的降低而降低;4地震地质灾害主要发育在较软岩岩组和坚硬岩岩组内,在地震力作用下,软岩岩组内更容易引发滑坡灾害,崩塌多发育在坚硬岩组内;5在海拔1 000~1 500 m,斜坡坡度30°~50°区域范围内是地质灾害集中发育区,不同坡度范围内,地震地质灾害表现出不同的优势发育类型。