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Western Land Managers will Need all Available Tools for Adapting to Climate Change,Including Grazing: A Critique of Beschta et al. |
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| Authors: | Tony Svejcar Chad Boyd Kirk Davies Matthew Madsen Jon Bates Roger Sheley Clayton Marlow David Bohnert Mike Borman Ricardo Mata-Gonzàlez John Buckhouse Tamzen Stringham Barry Perryman Sherman Swanson Kenneth Tate Mel George George Ruyle Bruce Roundy Chris Call Kevin Jensen Karen Launchbaugh Amanda Gearhart Lance Vermeire John Tanaka Justin Derner Gary Frasier Kris Havstad |
| Affiliation: | 1. USDA-ARS, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR, 97720, USA 2. Montana State University, 309 Animal Bioscience Bldg., Bozeman, MT, 59717-2900, USA 3. Oregon State University, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR, 97720, USA 4. Oregon State University, Withycombe Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA 5. University of Nevada-Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St, Reno, NV, 89557, USA 6. Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, One Shield Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616-8780, USA 7. University of Arizona, 325 Biosciences East, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA 8. Brigham Young University, 463 WIDB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA 9. Utah State University, 5230 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-5230, USA 10. USDA-ARS, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322-6300, USA 11. University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Dr., Moscow, ID, 83844-1135, USA 12. University of Idaho, PO Box 1827, Twin Falls, ID, 83303-1827, USA 13. USDA-ARS, 243 Fort Keogh Road, Miles City, MT, 59301-4016, USA 14. University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave., Laramie, WY, 82071, USA 15. USDA-ARS, 8408 Hildreth Road, Cheyenne, WY, 82009-8899, USA 16. USDA-ARS, 1701 Centre Ave., Fort Collins, CO, 80526, USA 17. USDA-ARS, 2995 Knox St., Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA |
| Abstract: | In a previous article, Beschta et al. (Environ Manag 51(2):474–491, 2013) argue that grazing by large ungulates (both native and domestic) should be eliminated or greatly reduced on western public lands to reduce potential climate change impacts. The authors did not present a balanced synthesis of the scientific literature, and their publication is more of an opinion article. Their conclusions do not reflect the complexities associated with herbivore grazing. Because grazing is a complex ecological process, synthesis of the scientific literature can be a challenge. Legacy effects of uncontrolled grazing during the homestead era further complicate analysis of current grazing impacts. Interactions of climate change and grazing will depend on the specific situation. For example, increasing atmospheric CO2 and temperatures may increase accumulation of fine fuels (primarily grasses) and thus increase wildfire risk. Prescribed grazing by livestock is one of the few management tools available for reducing fine fuel accumulation. While there are certainly points on the landscape where herbivore impacts can be identified, there are also vast grazed areas where impacts are minimal. Broad scale reduction of domestic and wild herbivores to help native plant communities cope with climate change will be unnecessary because over the past 20–50 years land managers have actively sought to bring populations of native and domestic herbivores in balance with the potential of vegetation and soils. To cope with a changing climate, land managers will need access to all available vegetation management tools, including grazing. |
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