Modelling of an enhanced PAH attenuation experiment and associated biogeochemical changes at a former gasworks site in southern Germany |
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| Authors: | Herold Maria Greskowiak Janek Ptak Thomas Prommer Henning |
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| Institution: | 1. Applied Geology, Geosciences Center, University of Göttingen, Goldschmidtstr. 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany;2. CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag No 5, Wembley, WA 6014, Australia;3. Working group Hydrogeology and Landscape Hydrology, Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, PO Box 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany;4. School of Earth and Environment, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia;1. Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum Engineering, AL-Zawia University, AL-Zawia, Libya;3. Tasik Chini Research Center, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia;1. Cátedra de Química Analítica I, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, CC 242-S3000 Santa Fe, Argentina;2. Merck Research Laboratories, U-13-1980, 1011 Morrise Avenue, Union, NJ 07083, USA;3. Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, University Bulevard, Orlando, FL 32816, USA;1. Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation (CERAR), University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, South Australia 5095, Australia;2. Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, South Australia 5095, Australia;3. School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia;1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China;2. Geosciences Department, University of Wisconsin–Parkside, Kenosha, WI 53144, USA;3. Department of Earth Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan |
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| Abstract: | Former manufactured gas plant sites often form a widespread contaminant source in the subsurface, leading to large plumes that contain a wide variety of tar-oil related compounds. Although most of these compounds eventually degrade naturally, the relevant processes tend to be slow and inefficient, often leaving active remediation as the only viable option to eliminate the risks of toxic substances to reach potential receptors such as surface waters or drinking water wells. In this study we use a reactive transport model to analyse the fate of a contaminant plume containing acenaphthene, methylbenzofurans and dimethylbenzofurans (i) prior to the installation of an active remediation scheme and (ii) for an enhanced remediation experiment during which O(2) and H(2)O(2) were added to the contaminated groundwater through a recirculation well. The numerical model developed for this study considers the primary contaminant degradation reactions (i.e., microbially mediated redox reactions) as well as secondary and competing mineral precipitation/dissolution reactions that affect the site's hydrochemistry and/or contaminant fate. The model was calibrated using a variety of constraints to test the uncertainty on model predictions resulting from the undocumented presence of reductants such as pyrite. The results highlight the important role of reactive transport modelling for the development of a comprehensive process understanding. |
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