复杂环境下洞室开挖的爆破震动监测与控制

钻爆开挖法洞室的施工点临近新完成结构体．爆破地震波必须严格控制在安全范围之内。根据爆破试验中的监测结果和经验公式确定最大单响药量。结合二次减振和微差爆破技术的控制爆破方案．密集钻孔形成的孔排有效地削弱了穿越的地震波，单发单响的导爆管微差爆破方案在保证施工进度的同时．避免了地震波的叠加。根据施工中的爆破震动监测结果调整施工参数．提高了施工效率并确定爆破震动控制在安全范围内。工程的实践表明结合爆破实验、控制爆破震动的施工方案和震动监测能保证保护目标的安全。

Blasting Vibration Monitoring and Control for Tunnel Excavation in the Complex Environment

In the project discussed in this paper, the blasting site of drill-blast tunnel excavation method was close to the newly finished structure. The blast-induced seismic wave must be controlled to the safety limit. The maximum tolerant explosive quantity of single shot was determined by the data from experiential blast and the empirical formula. The vibration-controlling operation scheme was employed: two rows of densely placed drill-holes effectively reduced the seismic wave that passed through, and detonating-tube short delay blast scheme of one shot in one step ensured the operation progress and avoided the overlying of seismic wave from two successive shots. The operation parameters were adjusted according to the monitoring record to ensure the security of the protection target and raise work efficiency. The project practice demonstrated that the methods discussed in this paper were feasible.