梯级水库叠梁门分层取水水温改善效果的衰减

分层取水是国内目前改善水库下泄低温水不利影响的重要工程措施。为明确叠梁门分层取水措施在梯级水库开发河段的衰减效果，以金沙江下游4个梯级水库为研究对象，采用宽度平均的立面二维水温数学模型，定量研究梯级水库联合调度条件下上游水库采取分层取水措施后对下游水库水温的影响。结果表明：乌东德水库采用叠梁门取水对改善低温水效果有限，白鹤滩水库采用叠梁门取水后下泄低温水现象得到明显缓解；对于白鹤滩下游溪洛渡和向家坝的下泄低温水，受白鹤滩分层取水影响的改善效果略有减弱，其中向家坝4、5月下泄水温可升高0.8℃和1.0℃。乌东德采用叠梁门取水对改善溪洛渡和向家坝下泄水温几乎没有影响；在梯级水电开发中，分层取水措施应尽可能实施在强调节能力水库上。

Study on the Reducing Effect That Stoplog Gate Has Played in Cascade Reservoirs for Water Temperature Stratification

The stratified water intake is an important engineering measure to improve the adverse effects of low-temperature water discharged from reservoirs in domestic area. In order to clarify the attenuation effect of stoplog gate in cascade reservoir utilized river section, the influence of the upstream reservoirs on the downstream under the condition of cascade-combined operation in 4 cascade reservoirs of Jinsha River were investigated by using the laterally averaged 2D reservoir water temperature model. The results demonstrated that low temperature water discharging from Wudongde Reservoir did not be effectively prevent by stoplog gate, which was on the contrary of Baihetan Reservoir. The impact that the stratification water intake at Baihetan pose to the low temperature water discharged from Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba, was slightly weakened, and the discharging temperature from Xiluodu to Xiangjiaba in April and May can be increased by 0.8℃ and 1.0℃ respectively. Moreover, the stoplog gate in Wudongde Reservoir played little effect on improving the discharge temperature of Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba. Under cascade development, The stratified water intake measures should be implemented as far as possible on reservoirs with strong regulation capacity.