ZnO NPs对水培小麦(Triticum aestivum L)种子不同发育阶段的影响

氧化锌纳米颗粒(ZnO NPs)是目前应用最为广泛的纳米材料之一,已有研究表明其对生物体具有显著的毒性效应。为了研究ZnO NPs的毒性与种子发育阶段的关系,选择小麦(Triticum aestivum L)作为受试植物,将处于不同发育阶段的小麦种子置入ZnO NPs悬浮液中进行培养,研究了ZnO NPs对水培小麦种子不同发育阶段的影响。结果表明,虽然ZnO NPs对处于吸胀阶段、萌动阶段和发芽阶段的小麦都可以产生毒性,但是毒性的大小随小麦发育阶段的不同而表现出明显的差异(P0.05)。在60 mg·L-1暴露浓度下,用ZnO NPs对处于吸胀阶段、萌动阶段和发芽阶段的小麦种子进行处理,小麦根长的抑制率分别为37.8%、80.2%和95.7%;就萌动阶段和发芽阶段而言,ZnO NPs的毒性与其浓度有关,浓度越大毒性越大,即具有显著的浓度效应。上述研究结果对于全面准确地评价ZnO NPs毒性具有重要的意义。

Effects of ZnO NPs on Water-cultured Wheat (Triticum aestivum L) Seeds at Different Germination Phases

Although zinc oxide nanoparficles (ZnO NPs) are known to be one of the most widely used nanomaterials,more and more researches have revealed that ZnO NPs may have potential biological risks.However,the dependence of the toxicity of ZnO NPs on the germination phases of seeds has not been investigated until the present time.To address this issue,water-cultured wheat (Triticum aestivum L) seeds were selected as the testing seeds,and were treated with ZnO NPs at three different germination phases,including the imbibition phase,the sprout phase and the budding phase.The results showed that ZnO NPs could be toxic to wheat seeds at all these three germination phases,but the significance of the toxicity at each phase was quite different (P＜0.05).When treated with 60 mg· L-1 ZnO NPs suspension,the inhibition rate of wheat roots by ZnO NPs was 37.8％,80.2％ and 95.7％ at imbibition phase,sprout phase and budding phase,respectively;at sprout phase and budding phase,the toxicity of ZnO NPs showed an obvious concentration dependence,and higher concentration resulted in higher toxicity.The above results are of great significance for a comprehensive evaluation of the toxicity of ZnO NPs.