纳米聚硅酸铝锌絮凝剂的制备及表征简

在SiO₂含量为3%，pH为3，活化时间为85 min，（Al+Zn ）/Si摩尔比为1.5，Al/Zn摩尔比为2，表面活性剂硬脂酸钠加入量为0.1%，超声频率为40 Hz，超声时间为60 min的最佳制备条件下制备出液体PSAZS絮凝剂，用超声法制成纳米级Nano-PSAZS，用环境扫描电子显微镜（ESEM）和智能型傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）等仪器进行分析。结果表明，硅有助于絮凝剂分子链的延伸，有助于生成更大分子的聚合物；铝盐和锌盐的加入到聚硅酸中，并不是简单的混合，而是发生了缩聚和配位反应，有助于生成链网状结构，能更好地发挥吸附架桥和网捕卷扫作用。同时Nano-PSAZS陈化时间为24 h时的结构有利于絮凝效果的发挥。

Preparation and characterization of nano-PSAZS flocculants

PSAZS flocculants were prepared on the best preparation conditions of 3% SiO₂ containing, pH=3, 85 min of activating reactions time, (Al+Zn)/Si=1.5,Al/Zn=2, 0.1% surface active agent sodium stearate containing, 40 Hz of ultrasonic frequency and 60 min of ultrasonic time. Then Nano-PSAZS flocculants were prepared by ultrasonic method and the characteristics was analyzed trough ESEM and FT-IR. The results indicated Si could extend the flocculent molecular chain and a larger molecule polymer was generated. There was not a simple mixture but the occurrence of polymerization and coordination reaction when the aluminum salts and zinc salts were added to polysilicic. The generated chain and network structure could be beneficial to playing a role in adsorption bridging and netting sweeping. The 24 h aging time of Nano-PSAZS could be beneficial to the flocculating process.