车用儿童约束装置综述

交通事故是14岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因之一,儿童约束装置(ChildRestraintSystem,CRS)能有效减少交通事故中儿童的伤亡。笔者对车用CRS进行较全面的概述,介绍CRS的定义、工作原理、分类、影响其安全性能的关键部件、国外相关强制性法规、固定装置、试验描述、国外CAE在CRS研发过程中的应用现状等主要内容,并简要指出未来几年欧洲的CRS研究重点。在此基础上,展望我国CRS的研究重点及发展方向,并对我国的儿童交通安全、CRS技术及其应用,提出下列建议:加强宣传力度,强化人们对儿童乘员的保护意识;制定强制性法规,保证CRS的使用率;在技术方面,重点加强CRS的CAE分析和动态试验研究,开发出适合我国儿童使用的CRS。

Review of Child Restraint System Used in Car

Crash injuries are the leading death cause for children under 14, and child restraint system(CRS)could effectively reduce this casualty. A general review of CRS is given, including the definition, working principle, category, important components affecting its effectiveness, compulsive regulations, anchorage systems and dynamic tests of CRS. The application of CAE(Computer Aided Engineering) in the development of CRS abroad and briefly about key research subjects in coming years in Europe are also introduced. Some expectations and suggestions of research priorities and directions of CRS in China are made. These suggestions include enhancing the awareness of child safety, establishing compulsory regulations, and ensuring the use of CRS. In technical aspects they include to strengthen the application of CAE analysis and dynamic experimental study of CRS and develop CRS feasible for Chinese children.