环境成本的内在化问题

环境成本是指人类经济活动引起的环境损失。主流经济学认为，外部性与产权是产生环境污染的经济根源，减少环境成本的实质是通过一定的手段将环境成本内在化。不同的治理手段具有不同的治理成本，一般而言，经济手段具有更高的经济效率和较低的成本，但管制手段也有其存在的意义。解决我国的环境成本问题需要树立生态经济协调发展模式，让企业成为污染治理的主体，建立环境补偿机制等。

Economic Analysis on Environmental Costs and Its Solution

From the economics the view,the externality and incorrect property rights were the reasons causing the environmental costs,the solution was to require that the enterprises took the environmental costs into consider.Economic instrument had higher efficient and the lower cost than the regulator in reducing the environmental pollution.The authors proposed some suggestions to reduce the environmental pollution in our country,changing the approach of economic growth,making the enterprises bear the most pollution abatement,establishing the environmental payments system,and so on.