基于韦伯-费希纳定律的海河流域水库水环境预警评价

水库作为水源地在流域水环境安全中具有重要作用.根据韦伯-费希纳定律(Weber-FechnerLaw,W-F),选取与水库水环境关系密切的水质评价指标,通过确定水环境综合影响指数Ki值与水环境状态之间的关系,建立基于人类感觉强度与外界水环境质量变化关系定量化的水环境预警模型.并以海河流域4座水库为实例进行应用与验证.结果表明:水库Ki值与水环境状态是线性函数关系,水库Ki值与营养指数间是指数函数关系.此模型可以用于流域内不同时空条件下水库水环境状态和富营养化的预警与水环境综合评价.官厅水库水环境综合影响指数Ki值为0.0494,水环境综合预警等级为轻警,主要的污染指标为COMMn、TN和TP.4座水库的Ki值变化范围在0.0107～0.0564之间,密云水库富营养化预警级别为轻警,官厅水库、潘家口水库和岳城水库均为中警;4座水库水环境预警等级空间上差异明显,从高到低顺序为潘家口水库、官厅水库、岳城水库、密云水库.潘家口水库水环境时间上恶化趋势明显,建议加强流域水库水环境的监控和采取更严格的管理措施.

Research of water environment forewarning for reservoirs in Haihe River Basin

With the rapid development of national economy and the improvement of people's living standards,the emissions of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage are growing.Meanwhile,water environment is under the increasing pressure,which has become one of the main factors limiting economic development.Therefore,how to do well for warn the water environment forewarning will be the key issue in the future.Reservoirs are playing an important role in urban water supply,industrial water demand and agricultural irrig...