复垦铜尾矿地不同植被恢复下的土壤养分特征——以铜陵市林冲尾矿地为例

以安徽省铜陵市林冲尾矿复垦地（Reclamated Copper mine tailings）为研究对象，按照尾矿库内部自然生长的3种优势植被（芒、矛叶荩草、野豌豆）进行土壤采样，测定土壤养分含量。分析不同优势植被下土壤养分含量特征及各养分之间的相关性，为尾矿地生态恢复的优势植被选择及土壤生物多样性的发展提供科学依据。结果表明：（1）3种优势植被下土壤有机质（180~286 g/kg）、全磷（0276~0438 g/kg）、全钾（160~207 g/kg）含量差异显著，全氮（414~467 g/kg）变化幅度不大。其中以芒草覆盖下的土壤有机质含量及全钾含量最高分别达到286和207 g/kg；全磷以矛叶荩草覆盖下含量最大达到0438 g/kg；野豌豆次之，芒草最小；全氮与全磷在不同植被覆盖下呈现的规律一致。（2）野豌豆覆盖下的土壤各养分含量之间的相关性较为密切，大体呈中度及以上正相关，差异不显著，芒草覆盖区有机质和全氮呈极显著正相关（r=099），全磷与有机质以及全磷和全氮均呈显著不相关；矛叶荩草覆盖区有机质和全氮呈极显著正相关（r=097），全磷与有机质、全氮以及全钾与全氮均呈显著负相关。（3）3类植被下全磷和全钾均呈现显著正相关，而且在对pH值和重金属Cu的降解能力上呈现野豌豆>矛叶荩草>芒

SOIL NUTRIENT CHARACTERISTICS UNDER DIFFERENT #br# VEGETATIONS OF RECLAIMED SOIL IN COPPER TAILINGS#br# -A CASE STUDY OF LINCHONG TAILING IN TONGLING CITY

The study is aiming at assaying the soil fundamental nutrients under typical vegetation（Miscanthus sinensis，Arthraxon lanceolatus，Glycine soja Siebet Zucc）dominant in the reclamatted copper mine tailings in Tongling City， Anhui Province By analyzing the characteristics of the nutrient contents as well as the correlations among these nutrients under different dominant vegetation， this study is expected to provide a scientific basis for choosing the right vegetation in the ecological restoration of copper tailings and the development of soil biodiversity The results are as follows. （1） Among the three dominant vegetation， the content of soil organic matter （180-286 g/kg）， total phosphorus （0276-0438 g/kg） and total potassium （160-207 g/kg） were significantly different， while little variation of total nitrogen （41-46 g/kg） was found The highest organic matter content was found under M sinensis followed by G soja， and A lanceolatus is the lowest A highest total phosphorus content was found under A lanceolatus， followed by G soja and M sinensis The regular pattern was quite similar between total nitrogen and total phosphorus under different vegetation The highest total potassium was found under M sinensis， followed by A lanceolatus and G soja （2） The nutrients under G soja showed close relationships among each other， moderately or highly significantly positively correlated and the differences between them were not significant Under M sinensis，organic matter content showed highly significant correlation to total nitrogen （r=099）. The correlations between total phosphorus and organic matter， and between total phosphorus and total nitrogen were not significant Under A lanceolatus， highly positive close correlation was found between organic matter and total nitrogen （r=097）， while close negative correlations of total phosphorus， with organic matter and total nitrogen， and between total potassium and total nitrogen was found （3） Highly close positive correlation between total phosphorus and total potassium was found （r=090，r=097，r=099）for all the three dominant vegetation （r was 090， 097 and 099 for  M sinensis， A lanceolatus and G soja， respectively）. Furthermore， the ability to degrade pH and metal Cu ranked in the following order： G soja>A lanceolatus>M sinensis This study further indicates that the change of vegetation types has important effects on the nutrient， circulation and restoration of soil