金华江流域利用硅藻生物学特性监测水质研究

2012年7月对浙江省金华江流域18个监测断面进行了附着硅藻和水质调查，通过硅藻生态群落组成及SPI、BDI硅藻指数对水质进行了评价，并比较了硅藻指数评价与水质理化评价结果的异同性。本次调查共收集到硅藻75种（含变种和变型），隶属于2纲12科30属。硅藻生态类群组成显示各断面以喜中性、N自养、耐低污染和喜好很高氧饱和度硅藻为主。水质理化指标总体评价金华江各监测断面水质多为Ⅲ类及以上，仅有一个断面为V类，硅藻SPI和BDI指数评价各断面水质为中等及中等以上。二者评价结果总体上吻合，但同时存在一定差异。SPI与高锰酸盐指数和硝酸盐氮呈显著负相关，BDI与氨氮呈显著负相关。硅藻指数在金华江流域有一定的适用性，但其在国内其他流域的适用性、评价方法的指示性与稳定性有待进行更深入的研究

DIATOM BASED BIOMONITORING METHOD OF WATER QUALITY IN THE JINHUA RIVER BASIN

Diatom，as a kind of autotrophic photosynthetic eukaryotic algae，is an important primary producer in aquatic ecosystem，and can reflect the average status of water environment. Diatoms are widely used in stream bioassessment due to their broad distribution，extraordinary variability and the ability to integrate changes in water quality. The indices of Specific Polluosensitivity Index (SPI)，standardized Biological Diatom Index (BDI)，European Economic Community Index (CEC) and Generic Diatom Index (GDI)，originally developed in France，are often applied to evaluate stream ecological quality based on diatom communities. Diatom assemblages were collected from 18 sampling stations in the Jinhua River Basin in July 2012. Dissolved oxygen，pH，total phosphorus，total nitrogen，chemical oxygen demand，ammonium nitrogen，and biochemical oxygen demand after five days were measured. A total of 75 taxa were identified，belonging to 2 classes，12 families，30 genera. The similarities and differences were compared between diatom based method and physico chemical method. The physic chemical parameters showed that the water quality level was from Grade I to Grade V，while diatom index showed its quality was at medium level or above the medium. These two assessment results were almost identical as a whole although differences between them did occur. For diatom eco type，the results showed that all sites were dominated by circumneutral，oligosaprobous and β mesosaprobous，N autotrophic，continuously high aerobic diatom taxa. There were negative significant relationship between SPI and permanganate index and nitrate nitrogen. There was negative significant relationship between BDI and ammonia nitrogen. The results of the present study provide a good experience for biomonitoring in the Jinhua River Basin,but more researches are needed in order to establish Chinese biomonitoring standard