Influence of different digital terrain models (DTMs)on alpine permafrost modeling |
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Authors: | Nadine Salzmann Stephan Gruber Marco Hugentobler Martin Hoelzle |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Geography, Glaciology and Geomorphodynamics Group, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland;(2) Geographic Information Systems Division, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland |
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Abstract: | The thawing of alpine permafrost due to changes in atmospheric conditions can have a severe impact, e.g., on the stability
of rock walls. The energy balance model, PERMEBAL, was developed in order to simulate the changes and distribution of ground
surface temperature (GST) in complex high-mountain topography. In such environments, the occurrence of permafrost depends
greatly on the topography, and thus, the digital terrain model (DTM) is an important input of PERMEBAL. This study investigates
the influence of the DTM on the modeling of the GST. For this purpose, PERMEBAL was run with six different DTMs. Five of the
six DTMs are based on the same base data, but were generated using different interpolators. To ensure that only the topographic
effect on the GST is calculated, the snow module was turned off and uniform conditions were assumed for the whole test area.
The analyses showed that the majority of the deviations between the different model outputs related to a reference DTM had
only small differences of up to 1 K, and only a few pixels deviated more than 1 K. However, we also observed that the use
of different interpolators for the generation of a DTM can result in large deviations of the model output. These deviations
were mainly found at topographically complex locations such as ridges and foot of slopes. |
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Keywords: | complex topography digital terrain model (DTM) high mountain permafrost modeling sensitivity |
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