青海省长江源区生态补偿现状与政策需求问卷调查

本研究基于问卷调查,对青海省长江源区生态补偿现状与政策需求进行深入分析。研究发现,各类受访者普遍对长江源区生态补偿政策持积极肯定态度;政府及研究机构受访者普遍认为长江源区生态补偿的最主要问题是补偿资金少且缺乏稳定的长效机制,农牧民受访者认为补偿标准低、申请难度大;政府部门受访者认为生态补偿资金应体现既促先进又补短板的政策导向,农牧民受访者则认为应以增加就业机会的方式实施生态补偿;大多数受访者认为加大国家和长江下游省份生态补偿的支持力度是处理好长江源区保护与发展关系的关键。建议:一是将长江源区纳入长江经济带生态补偿范围;二是进一步明晰长江源区生态环境保护的各方利益关系;三是探索建立以中央财政资金为引导的多元化补偿;四是长江源区生态补偿政策设计应将生态环境保护与社会民生保障相协同放在突出位置。

Questionnaire survey on ecological compensation status and policy demand in the source region of Yangtze River in Qinghai

Based on a questionnaire survey, this study analyzed the status and policy demand of ecological compensation in the source region of Yangtze River in Qinghai Province. We found that various respondents generally held a positive attitude towards ecological compensation policies in this area. Respondents from government generally believed that the main problem of ecological compensation here was lacking both funds and a stable long-term mechanism, while farmers and herders thought that the compensation standard was low and the application was difficult. Respondents from government believed that the compensation funds should reflect the policy orientation of both promoting the advanced and making up the short board, while farmers and herders thought that the compensation should be implemented in a way of increasing employment opportunities. Most respondents believed that the key to properly managing the relationship between protection and development was increasing the support from the country and the lower reaches of Yangtze River. We suggest that: Firstly, the source region of Yangtze River should be included in the ecological compensation scope of Yangtze River Economic Belt. Secondly, the interests of each party in protecting this area should be further clarified. Thirdly, it is suggested to explore diversified compensation guided by central financial funds. Fourthly, the design of ecological compensation policies here should highlight the coordination between eco-environment protection and social livelihood protection.