环形薄壁堰水力特性研究

溢流口是许多雨水控制设施的重要组成部分,但目前对溢流口的水力特性缺乏针对性研究,国内外雨水手册中溢流口的设计计算公式较为粗糙,不足以用来指导设计计算。环形薄壁堰作为溢流口的典型作法,也可认为是"汇流"的一种宏观方式,其堰高和内径是其表征流量-水头关系的两个几何要素。通过实验室试验测量不同堰高和内径的流量-水头关系,结果表明堰的高度对环形薄壁堰的过流能力有一定影响;针对不同内径的环形薄壁堰绘制无量纲曲线,得到通用公式,可为海绵城市建设中雨水溢流口的设计计算提供参考。

STUDY ON OVERFLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF THIN-ANNULAR WEIRS

The overflow port is an important part of the runoff control facility, but the hydraulic characteristics of the overflow port are currently in shortage of specific research. The design formula of the overflow port in the stormwater management manual at home and abroad was incomplete, which was not sufficient to guide the design calculation. As a representative of the overflow port, the thin-annular weir could also be considered as a macroscopic expression of the 'confluence’. Its height and inner diameter were two geometric elements that characterize the flow-head relationship. The flow-head relationship in different heights and inner diameters was measured by laboratory tests. The results showed that the height of the weir had a certain influence on the overcurrent capability of the thin-annular weir. The dimensionless curve was drawn for the annular thin-walled concrete with different inner diameters, and the general formula was obtained. This research could provide reference for the design calculation of the overflow port in sponge city facilities.