我国台湾地区污染地块调查经验

工业污染地块调查是污染地块环境管理的基础性工作。我国台湾地区针对各种类型污染地块开展了一系列土壤及地下水污染调查工作,积累了大量调查经验。其中,废弃工厂地块的调查经历了示范性调查、基线普查和全面调查三个阶段,建立了完善的地块调查方法和评估筛选体系。该评估筛选体系首先从约12万家废弃工厂中以高污染行业为条件选出42000家,对其进行基础信息盘查,评估后筛选出约3300家地块进行现场勘查。勘查后划分风险等级,从中筛选出高风险地块,再进行采样调查和污染确认。通过废弃工厂地块调查,我国台湾地区积累了丰富的调查经验,如建立合理的调查方法、采用信息化手段、注重人员培训、加强民众沟通等,为我国相关管理工作提供参考和借鉴。

Experiences of site inspection in Taiwan Province of China

The data gathering and evaluating of soil and groundwater in industrial sites is a fundamental work for the environmental management of contaminated sites. Taiwan Province of China has accumulated considerable experiences by conducting plenty of soil and groundwater inspection into various kinds of sites, including farmland, gas stations, abandoned factories, factories in operation and so on. Taiwan Province has set up a mechanism to inspect, rank and screen contaminated sites through a pilot study on abandoned factories sites. The process of the pilot study includes several steps. Firstly, selecting 42,000 sites from 120,000 abandoned ones by the criterion of the high contaminated risk of industries. Then picking 3,300 sites out by analyzing the historical information about pollution prevention and control measures. Next, collecting more data at the site to identify, evaluate and rank the sites by contaminated risk of soil and groundwater. Afterwards, conducting a more complex investigation to confirm soil and groundwater condition. Besides, this essay also shares good practice to investigate sites in Taiwan Province, including developing effective investigation methods, introducing information technology, organizing more training and communicating with residents.