厌氧颗粒污泥自启动厌氧氨氧化反应特性研究

采用上流式厌氧反应器分别培养厌氧颗粒污泥（R1）及厌氧颗粒污泥与成熟厌氧氨氧化anammox混合污泥（R2），对比分析2个系统的脱氮性能和微生物菌群特性。结果表明:R1总氮去除率在99 d时可达到74%，而R2仅需48 d即可维持在70%以上。进水氮负荷提升的同时，R1污泥中胞外聚合物（extracellular polymeric substances，EPS）含量上升更为明显，从而促进污泥颗粒化。高通量测序分析结果表明，R1中主要厌氧氨氧化细菌AnAOB为Candidatus Kuenenia（7.92%），R2中优势AnAOB为Candidatus Brocadia（15.64%），而Candidatus Kuenenia占3.02%。R1在较低厌氧氨氧化细菌丰度的情况下仍能保持相当的脱氮效率，更具有长期培养的潜力。

CHARACTERISTICS OF ANAEROBIC AMMONIUM OXIDATION INITIATED BY ANAEROBIC GRANULAR SLUDGE

Two different mixed sludge, anaerobic granular sludge (R1), and anaerobic granular sludge with mature anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) sludge (R2) were used as the inocula in two up-flow reactors to enrich anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB), respectively. The total nitrogen removal rate of R1 reached 74% in 99 days, while R2 remained above 70% in only 48 days. The content of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in the sludge was found to increase with the increase of the influent nitrogen loading, which might attribute to the sludge granulation. It was interesting to notice that the dominant AnAOB genera in two systems were different, i.e. Candidatus Kuenenia (7.92%) in R1, and Candidatus Brocadia (15.64%) in R2. Candidatus Kuenenia also existed in R2, accounting for 3.02%. R1 maintained considerable denitrification efficiency in the case of lower anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria abundance and might have more potential for long-term culture.