Inverse vertical migration and feeding in glacier lanternfish (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Benthosema glaciale</Emphasis>) |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Eivind?DypvikEmail author Thor?A?Klevjer Stein?Kaartvedt |
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Institution: | (1) Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;(2) Department of Biology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway |
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Abstract: | A bottom-mounted upward-facing 38-kHz echo sounder was deployed at ~400 m and cabled to shore in Masfjorden (~60°52′N, ~5°24′E), Norway. The scattering layers seen during autumn (September–October) 2008 were identified by trawling. Glacier lanternfish
(Benthosema glaciale) were mainly distributed below ~200 m and displayed three different diel behavioral strategies: normal diel vertical migration
(NDVM), inverse DVM (IDVM) and no DVM (NoDVM). The IDVM group was the focus of this study. It consisted of 2-year and older
individuals migrating to ~200–270 m during the daytime, while descending back to deeper than ~270 m during the night. Stomach
content analysis revealed increased feeding during the daytime on overwintering Calanus sp. We conclude that visually searching glacier lanternfish performing IDVM benefit from the faint daytime light in mid-waters
when preying on overwintering Calanus sp. |
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