基于DEA-Tobit的城市生态效率评价及影响因素研究——以江苏省为例

基于DEA-Tobit两阶段分析框架,利用超效率DEA模型评价了江苏省13个地级市及苏南、苏中、苏北3个区域2009~2013年的工业生态效率,并采用Tobit模型测量了城镇化率、产业结构、环境规制对该效率值的影响。研究表明:江苏省城市工业生态效率整体处于中上水平,但地区间差异较大:苏中优于苏南,苏南优于苏北;工业用水、工业用地消耗过多,工业废气排放过量是目前影响江苏省城市工业生态效率提升的主要原因;提高城镇化率对江苏省城市工业生态效率有积极的影响,产业结构调整对城市工业生态效率有微弱的抑制作用,环境规制对城市工业生态效率影响并不显著。

Research of the Evaluation of Urban Eco-efficiency and Its Influencing Factors Based on DEA-Tobit Model- A Case Study of Jiangsu Province

In this paper, on the basis of DEA-Tobit model, super-efficiency DEA model was used to evaluate the industrial eco-efficiency of 13 cities in Jiangsu Province as well as its southern, central and northern parts from 2009 to 2013. Tobit model was also applied to discuss how urbanization rate, industry structure and environmental regulation affect such efficiency value. The results showed that the overall urban industrial eco-efficiency of Jiangsu Province was in a middle and upper level but with larger differences between the regions. That was, the central part performed better than the southern part, and the southern part performed better than the northern part. Excessive consumption of industrial water and industrial lands and excessive emission of industrial exhaust were the main causes limiting the improvement of urban industrial eco-efficiency in Jiangsu Province. Improvement of urbanization rate had a positive influence on the urban industrial eco-efficiency. However, industrial restructuring weakly inhibited it and the impact of environmental regulation on it was not significant either.