三峡水库蓄水对香溪河水环境的影响及对策研究

通过监测论证三峡建库后形成香溪河回水库湾水环境条件改变特征，评价表明水质由轻污染至重污染趋势发展。确定库湾周边的工业、生活污染点源、磷矿面源是构成水污染的主要负荷。指出溶解氧沿河道下游沿程逐渐减小，复氧系数降低，是引起水质恶化，破坏库湾生态平衡的主要因素。磷浓度过高将引起三峡水库局部水域富营养化，预测了总磷浓度沿程变化趋势。针对已发生和潜在的水环境污染问题，提出了加强流域非点源污染的管理、实施总量控制、建立污染源在线监测系统、立项建设污染治理工程、开展河湖水域接触氧化直接净化技术的科研究和实践、制定《三峡库区水污染防治法》地方法规、正确处理资源开发与环境保护协调发展的关系、走可持续发展道路等项防治对策与建议。

EFFECTS OF THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR ON THE WATER ENVIRONMENT OF THE XIANGXI RIVER WITH THE PROPOSAL OF COUNTERMEASURES

With the monitoring, the paper demonstrated changes of the water environment in Xiangxi River backwater reservoir after the building up of Three Gorges Dam. The industry, residential point source a-long the river and phosphorus mine non-point source are of great water pollution load. The paper points out that the reduction in DO oxygen along the river were the major factors in fluencing water quality and backwater reservoir ecosystem. It is predicted that change will lead to phosphorus density increase. To strengthen basins, non-point source pollution control, put the control into practice, build monitoring system online for pollution source, construct pollution treatment project, carry out research on oxygenation and direct-cleaning in lake or river,set up Three Gorges Reservoir water pollution control laws and region regulations, deal with properly the ex-development between resource exploitation and environment prevention, and walk on the sustainable development road are important measures.