不同滤料及挂膜方式对养殖污水处理效果的研究

实验研究了填装不同滤料的4种生物滤池在3种挂膜方式下生物功能启动的情况。结果表明,相同挂膜方式下不同生物滤池中,氨氮浓度都随着系统运行时间的延长而逐渐下降,亚硝态氮浓度先上升达到峰值后下降,但悬浮球形滤料处理污水的效果明显优于其他滤料。悬浮球形滤料下不同挂膜方式,系统稳定时间不同,自然挂膜、活性污泥挂膜、优势菌挂膜三者依次约为39、30和21 d,但采用优势菌挂膜由于生物膜容易脱落,氨氮的处理效果较差。采用活性污泥法加入悬浮球形生物滤料是处理养殖污水行之有效的方法。系统运行27 d可使氨氮的浓度降低到0.033 mg/L,系统运行33 d,亚硝态氮浓度可下降到0.045 mg/L左右。

Study on effect of different filter media and membrane forming methods on treatment of aquaculture wastewater

This experiment studied different biological functions establishments of four kinds of biological filters, using three different methods of membrane forming. Results showed that the stability time of systems was different using different membrane forming methods: natural membrane forming needed about 39 d,active sludge about 30 d and predominant bacteria about 21 d. However, the effect of NH⁺₄-N treatment by predominant bacteria membrane forming was the worst among the three, as the biological membrane shed easily. In the four kinds of biological filters, the NH⁺₄-N concentration gradually decreased, while the NO^-₂-N concentration increased to the peak at first and then declined. However, the NO^-₂-NN concentration using predominate bacteria membrane forming decreased faster than that using the other two methods. The filter packed with spherical suspension filter media by predominant bacteria membrane forming treated aquaculture water more effectively. Under this condition, the NH⁺₄-N concentration decreased to 0.033 mg/L after 27 d and the NO^-₂-N concentration decreased to about 0.045 mg/L after 33 d.