Experimental analysis of Froude number effect on air entrainment in the hydraulic jump |
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Authors: | Carlo Gualtieri Hubert Chanson |
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Institution: | (1) Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Department “Girolamo Ippolito”, University of Napoli “Federico II”, Via Claudio, 21 - 80125 Napoli, Italy;(2) Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia |
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Abstract: | A hydraulic jump is characterized by strong energy dissipation and mixing, large-scale turbulence, air entrainment, waves,
and spray. Despite recent pertinent studies, the interaction between air bubbles diffusion and momentum transfer is not completely
understood. The objective of this paper is to present experimental results from new measurements performed in a rectangular
horizontal flume with partially developed inflow conditions. The vertical distributions of the void fraction and the air bubbles
count rate were recorded for inflow Froude number Fr
1 in the range from 5.2 to 14.3. Rapid detrainment process was observed near the jump toe, whereas the structure of the air
diffusion layer was clearly observed over longer distances. These new data were compared with previous data generally collected
at lower Froude numbers. The comparison demonstrated that, at a fixed distance from the jump toe, the maximum void fraction
C
max increases with the increasing Fr
1. The vertical locations of the maximum void fraction and bubble count rate were consistent with previous studies. Finally,
an empirical correlation between the upper boundary of the air diffusion layer and the distance from the impingement point
was derived. |
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Keywords: | Environmental hydraulics Hydraulic jump Physical modeling Air entrainment Air diffusion layer Froude number |
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