黄石市大气降尘中重金属污染特征与评价

利用X射线荧光光谱法分析了黄石城区2012年5月大气降尘重金属(Cr、Mn、Co、Cu、Zn、Pb)含量。结果表明:降尘中Cr、Mn、Co、Cu、Zn、Pb元素的浓度均值分别为480.08mg/kg、814.87mg/kg、15.76mg/kg、649.07mg/kg、7622.20mg/kg、360.27mg/kg;地积累指数、富集因子、潜在生态风险系数均指示Mn和Co基本无污染,Zn、Cu污染最为严重;其中Zn、Cr的污染规律为工业区商业区文教区,Cu与Pb则以文教区污染最为严重;健康风险评价指出Cr、Co无致癌风险,Pb对人体的健康危害最大,尤其是对儿童。

Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Atmospheric Dustfall of Huangshi City, China

Concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, and Pb) in atmospheric dust of Huangshi City, China during May 2011, were measured by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Results show that mean concentrations of Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, and Pb in atmospheric dust were 480.08 mg/kg, 814.87 mg/kg, 15.76 mg/kg, 649.07 mg/kg, 7 622.20 mg/kg, and 360.27 mg/kg, respectively. Geoaccumulation index, enrichment factors and potential ecological risk index all indicate that atmospheric dust were not polluted by Mn and Co, but seriously polluted by Zn and Cu. The order of Zn and Cr amounts in atmospheric dust was industrial district > commercial district > educational district, and educational district was the worst polluted by Cu and Pb. Healthy risk assessment shows that Cr and Co have no carcinogenic risk, but Pb was the most serious for human body, especially for children.