区域水资源介循环利用模式:概念·结构·特征

为解决我国面临的突出水环境问题,破解经济发展需求与水资源短缺、水环境污染和水生态破坏之间的矛盾,提出区域水资源“介循环”(water meta-cycle)利用模式,系统地阐述了区域水资源介循环利用模式的结构特征、基本特点和目标定位,并通过案例分析了其适用效果. 介循环是一种人工强化生态调控的区域水资源多阶多元循环利用模式. 通过企业、家庭和社区等局部单元内的水循环利用,工业和城市等社会系统尺度内的污水再生处理与直接利用,以及区域层面上再生水的生态媒介循环利用(water natural system-mediated reuse)等,促进不同层阶和不同用途水循环利用的有机衔接与耦合,实现再生水的安全聪巧(safe and smart)利用、区域尺度上水资源的闭环循环利用和趋零排放. 区域水资源介循环利用模式以再生水的生态媒介循环利用为核心,具有闭环趋零、多阶多元、强化调控和复合高效等特点,有望成为区域水资源可持续管理、保障水环境安全的有效模式. 

Water Meta-Cycle for Regional Water Sustainable Management:Concept, System Structure and Advantages

In order to solve water issues including water shortage, water environmental pollution and water ecosystem destruction, a new model, called “water meta-cycle”, is proposed for sustainable management of regional water resources. The concept, system structure, advantages and goals of the water meta-cycle are discussed. The water meta-cycle is defined as a regional water recycling system, encompassing diverse types of users in different areas at different levels. Within such a system, we advocate the use of artificial natural systems, such as constructed wetlands, ponds/lakes, and rivers/brooks, for further purification of reclaimed water before reuse for industrial, domestic, ecological and agricultural uses. The water reuse system will be optimized at three different levels, including inter-production process (or plant, or community) reuse, reuse between different plants (community) in a regional area, and water ecosystem-mediated-reuse of reclaimed water for industrial/domestic users. The efficiency of the model for water pollution control and water conservation is demonstrated with a case study in Chiping County, Shandong Province, China. The ultimate goal of the water meta-cycle model is to establish a “safe & smart” system for wastewater reclamation and reuse that produces the minimum emissions of wastewater in a regional area.