山地垂直带谱研究评述

山地垂直带谱研究是地学地域分异规律研究的重要内容之一,垂直带谱受土壤、气候和生物条件的影响,呈现不同的分布特征.在气候变化的影响下,垂直带谱也发生着剧烈的变化,并对气候变化起指示作用.本文通过梳理山地垂直带谱研究的主要历程,就山地垂直带谱的成因和格局以及研究方法的革新进行了探讨,并对我国的山地垂直带谱研究以及落基山脉和阿尔卑斯山脉等其他地域的研究状况进行综合论述.分析认为利用现有的观测数据,如气象、生物、土壤和地形等方面资料,研究山地垂直带谱的演替过程以及格局变化,关注未来气候变化情景下垂直带谱对于生态安全和环境保护显得尤为重要.同时,多学科的介入和交叉知识的融合对山地垂直带谱研究有着重要的意义,如研究带谱的形成,需要对地质构造、气象成因、植物生理、土壤生态等各方面的知识,在大尺度的研究中,遥感技术以及计算机信息工程要纳入其中.目前山地垂直带谱的理论基础也无法满足科学研究的需求,理论化研究需要进一步推进.综述期望为我国山地科学研究、综合地域分异、地理区划和环境变化研究提供-定的参考.

Mountain Altitudinal Belt:A Review

Mountain altitudinal belt is one of the important contents for studying geographic differentiation. Altitudinal belt isinfluenced by soil, climate and biological conditions. Mountain altitudinal belt has been changed with climate change recently. Inpresent article, the development of mountain altitudinal belt research was analyzed, main features of the altitudinal belt wasexplored, the spatial pattern as well as the innovation of research method was discussed, and the mountain altitudinal beltresearches in China, the Rocky Mountains, the Alps and other regions were comprehensively reviewed. Thus, we hold that usingthe observed datum （weather, biological documents, soil and terrain data, and the succession process and pattern of mountain beltobservation） to analyze the belt changed with the future climate scenarios, which plays an important role in ecological security andenvironmental protection. Meanwhile, multidisciplinary knowledge is meaningful for mountain research, for instance, we shouldsynthesize knowledge of geological structure, meteorology, plant physiology and soil ecology to explain the cause of mountainaltitude belt. The mountain attitude belt theory cannot meet the needs of scientific research, so theoretical studies need to beadvanced further. The object of review to promote mountain research, and provide references material for regional differentiation,geographic regionalization and environmental change.