Bioabsorbable soy protein plastic composites: Effect of polyphosphate fillers on water absorption and mechanical properties |
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Authors: | Joshua U Otaigbe Daniel O Adams |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, 50011 Ames, Iowa;(2) Department of Aerospace Engineering & Engineering Mechanics, Iowa State University, 50011 Ames, Iowa;(3) Present address: Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Utah, 84112 Salt Lake City, Utah |
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Abstract: | The use of synthetic and natural bioabsorbable plastics has been severely limited due to their low stiffness and strength
properties as well as their strong tendency to absorb moisture. This research focused on the development of bioabsorbable
polyphosphate filler/soy protein plastic composites with enhanced stiffness, strength, and water resistance. Bioabsorbable
polyphosphate fillers, biodegradable soy protein isolate, plasticizer, and adhesion promoter were homogenized and compression-molded.
Physical, mechanical, and water absorption testing was performed on the molded specimens. Results showed improvements in stiffness,
strength, and water resistance with increasing polyphosphate filler content up to 20% by weight. Application of a coupling
agent produced further mechanical property enhancements and a dramatic improvement in water resistance, interpreted by an
interfacial chemical bonding model. Examination of the fracture surfaces of the materials revealed that the addition of the
polyphosphate fillers changed the failure mode from brittle to pseudo-ductile. These results suggest that these materials
are suitable for many load-bearing applications in both humid and dry environments where current soy protein plastics are
not usable. |
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Keywords: | Biodegradable plastic composites soy protein plastic bioabsorbable polyphosphate fillers materials processing surface adhesion promoters mechanical properties |
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