Verification of diffusive and pumped samplers for volatile organic compounds using a controlled atmosphere test facility |
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| Authors: | Nicholas A Martin Edward J Leming Malcolm H Henderson Robert P Lipscombe John K Black Scott D Jarvis |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China;2. School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK;1. RECETOX Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Kamenice 3/126, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic;2. Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy;3. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile;4. Air Quality Processes Research Section, Environment Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Toronto, Ontario M3H 5T4, Canada;5. Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Chile;6. Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile;7. Centro de Tecnologías Ambientales (CETAM), Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile;8. Secretaría Regional Ministerial del Ministerio del Medio Ambiente, Región de La Araucanía, Chile;9. Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile;10. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de los Andes, Chile;1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA;2. Jacobs Technology Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA;3. Alion Science and Technology, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA;4. Independent Consultant, Raleigh, NC, USA;5. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA;6. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Senior Environmental Employment Program, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA;1. Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sescelades Campus, Marcel lí Domingo s/n, Tarragona, 43007, Spain;2. Centre Tecnològic de la Química, Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, Tarragona, 43007, Spain |
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| Abstract: | There is a requirement to verify the performance of sorbent-based passive or active samplers and to extend their use, where possible, to monitor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are known to be photochemical ozone pre-cursors or are relevant to the activities of the petrochemical industry. We report measurements of the 14-day diffusive uptake rates for the VOCs: i-butane (2-methyl propane), n-butane, i-pentane (2-methyl butane), n-pentane, n-hexane, benzene, toluene, and m-xylene (at environmental level concentrations) for industry standard axial samplers (Perkin–Elmer-type samplers) containing the sorbents Carbopack-X, -Z, -B or Tenax-TA. We also present data on back-diffusion, blank levels, and storage for the above sorbents, and describe the simultaneous use of the sorbent Carbopack-X for pumped sampling of certain VOCs. The results were obtained by dosing samplers in a controlled atmosphere test facility (CATFAC) operating under well-defined conditions of concentration, nominal temperature of 20 °C, wind speed of 0.5 m s?1, and relative humidities of 0% and 80%. Field measurements were also obtained to provide supplementary data to support the laboratory study. Results are compared to existing published data, where these are available. |
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