硫化镉量子点与常规硫化镉对小鼠遗传毒性的比较研究

为比较硫化镉量子点(CdS quantum dots,CdSQDs)与常规硫化镉(CdS)对小鼠的遗传毒性作用,将30只昆明种健康雄性小鼠随机分为对照组、CdSQDs组和常规CdS组,通过经口灌胃法进行染毒,其中CdSQDs组和常规CdS组染毒剂量为100mg·kg-1,对照组为等体积的生理盐水.染毒35d后将小鼠处死,通过单细胞凝胶电泳观察外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤情况,取小鼠一侧附睾观察精子畸形率,并取双侧肾脏做组织病理学检验.结果表明,与对照组小鼠比较,CdSQDs组和常规CdS组小鼠DNA损伤和精子畸形率均显著升高(p<0.05);CdSQDs组小鼠DNA损伤程度及精子畸形率均显著低于常规CdS组(p<0.05);组织病理切片观察显示,两种材料均可引起小鼠肾脏病变,但CdSQDs组小鼠病变程度明显轻于常规CdS组.以上结果提示,CdSQDs和常规CdS均会对小鼠产生一定程度的遗传毒性作用,但CdSQDs毒性低于相同剂量的常规CdS.

Comparative Study of Genotoxicity in Mice Exposed to Cadmium Sulfide Quantum Dots and Normal Cadmium Sulfide

CdS quantum dots (CdS QDs) have been synthesized in an emulsion liquid membrane system. To compare the genotoxicity of CdS QDs and normal cadmium sulfide(CdS)to mice,30 male mice were randomly divided into control group,CdS QDs group and normal QDs group. CdS QDs group and normal CdS group were exposed by an oral dose of 100mg·kg-1 CdS QDs and normal CdS every day. Mice in the control group were exposed to physiological saline with the same volume. After 35 days' exposure,peripheral blood lymphocytes of mice were investigated to observe the DNA damage using single cell gel electrophoresis technique. The rates of sperm deformity and the pathological changes of mice kidneys were also observed. Results showed that DNA damage and sperm deformities in both CdS QDs and normal CdS groups were much higher than those of the control group(p<0.05),and a significant decrease was found in the CdS QDs group compared with the normal CdS group(p<0.05). Both the two materials could induce histopathological changes of kidney tissues in mice,and the effect of normal CdS was higher than that of CdS QDs at the same concentration. It can be concluded that both CdS QDs and normal CdS can cause genotoxicity in mice,and the toxicity of CdS QDs is lower than that of normal CdS.