湖南省湘江流域2006年"7·15"暴雨-洪水巨灾分析

基于自然灾害系统论,结合灾区实地调查结果和部分适时气象、水文资料,从降雨、洪水、灾情以及减灾模式等对湖南省湘江流域2006年"7·15"暴雨-洪水巨灾进行了分析.结果表明农村的主要致灾因子是洪水、内涝、滑坡、泥石流,而城市主要为内涝;此次巨灾是在强热带风暴引发的暴雨、湘江流域中上游多山的地形条件等自然因素,和工程建设不合理、灾害预警机制不够完善、人们防灾意识薄弱以及灾害风险转移机制不够成熟等人为因素的共同作用下导致的.在此基础之上,提出了建立综合减灾范式、提高巨灾应急管理能力等应对巨灾的对策.

Analysis of 2006-07-15 rainstorm-flood catastrophe in Xiangjiang River Basin of Hunan Province

Based on the theory of natural disaster system,this paper analyzed the July 15,2006 catastrophe in Xiangjiang River Basin of Hunan Province from the aspects of rainfall,flood,disaster effects and the disaster mitigation mode by using the field investigation results and the timely weather,hydrology observation data.And the results are as follows: the main hazards in rural area were flood,water-logging,landslide and debris flow,whereas water-logging in cities;the catastrophe was caused by the natural factors including the heavy rain due to the strong tropical storm,the mountainous terrain conditions in Xiangjiang River Basin,and the man-made factors including unreasonable project construction,the imperfect disaster warning mechanism,the weak consciousness on disaster prevention and the unperfect disaster risk transfer mechanism etc.Based on this,the paper put forward some tactics such as establishing integrated disaster mitigation paradigm and improving the capacity of disaster emergency management to cope with catastrophe.