基于EOS/MODIS数据的近10a青海湖遥感监测

选取青海湖周边地区气候资料及青海湖近10 a MODIS遥感资料,通过分析水体面积和水位、 年均气温和年降水量的变化揭示青海湖面积的变化趋势。对青海湖近10 a遥感监测以及青海湖周边地区气候要素的分析研究结果表明:在2001-2010年10 a来青海湖周边地区年平均气温显著增加,平均每年升温0.12℃,年降水量在波动中呈上升趋势。青海湖水位虽然在近50 a内持续下降,而在2001-2010年呈现逐年增加的趋势,且增加趋势非常明显。从MODIS遥感资料对青海湖10 a来4月和9月的湖水面积监测结果显示,4月和9月青海湖面积在2001-2010年呈现波动上升趋势,且与4月和9月的水位呈极显著相关关系,相关系数分别为0.818和0.875(P<0.05)。近年来由于气候变化导致的青海北部一些地区降水量增多或气候变湿,而暖湿型的气候导致的降水量增多最终可能是水位升高的主要原因,且这种气候变湿的趋势使10 a来青海湖面积增大趋势明显。

Remote Sensing Monitoring of the Qinghai Lake Based on EOS/MODIS Data in Recent 10 Years

The meteorological and MODIS data in recent 10 years were used to analyze change of the area of water surface, water level, annual average temperature and annual rainfall, and reveal trend of the area of water surface of the Qinghai Lake. Results of the analysis of remote sensing monitoring data of the Qinghai Lake and climate factors around it showed that the annual average temperature increased significantly in recent 10 years, the average increase per year for the annual average temperature about 0.12℃. The annual rainfall showed an increasing trend in fluctuation. It is found that water level of the Qinghai Lake showed a continued declining trend in recent 50 years, but enhanced from 2001 to 2010 and the increasing trend was remarkable. The results indicated that area of water surface monitoring show significant increase in the Qinghai Lake from MODIS data in April and September in the past 10 years, and area of water surface was significantly correlated with water level,the correlation coefficients are 0.818 and 0.875 respectively(P<0.05). As a result of climate change, rainfall increased or climate changed wet in some areas of northern Qinghai. Because of warm-wet climate leading to rainfall increase, this may cause water level rising and such a trend of climate change made area of water surface enlarged in the nearly 10 years.