嘉陵江流域植被景观的空间格局特征

在遥感影像基础上利用景观指数从斑块特征、景观异质性、多样性与均匀性以及空间相互关系4个方面比较和分析了嘉陵江流域植被景观的空间格局特征。结果表明：“一年一熟作物田及耐寒经济作物田、落叶果树园” 在流域中的分布面积最大,是整个流域的基质,其它景观要素镶嵌其中。“亚热带常绿、落叶阔叶混交林”分布面积最小,分化程度最弱,异质性最低。 “裸地/城镇”的斑块间距最大,相似性程度低,聚合性弱,异质性最高。 “温带落叶阔叶林”的斑块间隔小,分布紧密,相似性程度高,聚合性强,但自然连接性较低。整个植被景观体现出要素众多、间隔紧密、自然连接性好、景观破碎化程度较高的分布特征,同时也反映出类型丰富、比例协调、均匀性和多样性程度较高的总体特点。

FEATURES IN PATTERN OF SPATIAL VEGETATION LANDSCAPE IN JIALING RIVER BASIN

In this paper,the features of patch characteristics, heterogeneity,diversity & evenness,and spatial relationship were analyzed in the Jialing River basin by using landscape indexes with remote sensing images.It was shown that "One year one ripe grain fields and cold-tolerant economic crop fields deciduous orchards" is the background for its bigger area in the basin,and other components are surrounded."Broadleaf evergreen and deciduous mixed forests in subtropical zone" has the lowest heterogeneity degree for its smallest area and less disintegration.On the contrary,"Bare ground / City" has the highest heterogeneity degree because of its long patch distance,more disintegration and better comparability.Although "Broadleaf deciduous forests in temperate zone" has good aggregation ability and comparability,as well as short patch distance,its natural cohesion ability is poor.It is obvious that in Jialing River basin,many landscape components with good patch cohesion are distributed,forming a pattern of landscape fragmentation.On the other hand,the high landscape diversity and evenness indexes owning to rich and well-proportional components are distinct features in the basin.