石油工业废弃物处置及其生物治理趋势

鉴于我国石油工作者对石油工业废弃物的普遍关注，现在介绍生物治理的基本概念及ＳＰＥ石油工程师协会中有关含油污泥生物处置的途径及其突出优越性。生物液／固处理工艺（ＬＳＴ）是目前含油污泥处置现场最经济可行的处置方案。这种好氧的ＬＳＴ工艺过程，能够比较充分地代谢和降解石油污泥中的油和脂并大量除去多环芳烃类（ＰＡＨ）化合物及其它有机化合物，明显地降低了石油废弃物对人、畜的毒害程度。其工艺较简单，操作也简易，凡经此工艺处理后的废弃物不留残毒和后患，因此早已被世界上先进国家的炼油业视为处理含油污泥的有效选择了。石油工业废弃物的生物防治和生物降解工艺较大程度地领先于目前我国现场正在执行的各种处理含油废弃物的处理工艺。

Tendency of Waste Disposal and its Biologlcal Treatment in Petroleum Industry

In view of the popular attention to petroleum waste disposal paid by China petroleum working personnel,this paper presents the basic concept of biological control,and ways and outstanding advantages of biological disposal of oily sludge intro-duced by the Society of Petroleum Engineer(SPE).The technology of biological liquids/solids treatment(LST )is most economical and practicable plan to treat oily sludge on the spot today. This aerobic LST technology can somewhat fully metabolize and degrade oil and aliphatics in oily sludge and greatly remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH)and other organic compounds. So it remarkably reduces the harmful effect of petroleum wastes to human and animals. The process is simple and easy in operation. There is no remnant toxin cant and future trouble left over after wastes being treated with this tech- nology. It has for a long time been regarded as the effective approach to treat oily sludge by the oil refining industry in worldwide advanced countries. As for oily waste treat-ment,the LST technology takes the lead to a great extent to those currently carried out in China' s Oil-gas fields.