船载自动监测系统在水质监测中的应用

水质监测是开展水生态环境评价、监管的基础性工作之一。随着对水生态环境保护与管理要求的提高，人工水质监测与自动水质监测相结合的模式应用越来越普遍。以船舶为载体的水质自动监测系统开展巡测，可实现高密度样品采集、检测及信息的实时传输，在长江泸州以下干流水域的实践中取得了良好效果。系统的应用可弥补常规监测断面间距过大、人工监测频次低、固定站房式水质自动监测站近岸取样等不足，对人工监测和自动监测形成有效补充；船载水质自动监测系统能够实现定点、定深、定时监测，可以在河流污染带监测、入河排污行为的监管以及偷排行为的溯源、水污染应急动态监测等工作中发挥有效作用，既可应用于长江干流等河道较宽且水质可能存在岸别差异的河流，也可应用于滇池、太湖、丹江口等大型湖泊、水库水生态环境监管。

Application of Shipborne Water Quality Automatic Monitoring System in Water Quality Monitoring

Water quality monitoring is one of the basic work for water ecological environment evaluation and supervision.With the being higher of water ecological environment protection and management requirements,the combination of artificial water quality monitoring and fixed-station water quality automatic monitoring is more and more widespread.The mobile and automatic water quality monitoring system with ship as the carrier can realize continuous automatic patrol monitoring,including high-density sample collection,detection and real-time data transmission,and has achieved good results in ambulatory monitoring the the Yangtze mainstem below Luzhou City.The system can make up for the shortcomings of artificial monitoring and fixed-station automatic monitoring,such as difficult sampling in nearshore waters and low frequency of manual monitoring.With advantages of being able to monitor at fixed point,depth and time,mobile and automatic water quality monitoring system will play an effective role in the monitoring of river near-shore pollution zone,the supervision of sewage discharge into the river,and the emergency monitoring of water pollution events,and will be applied not only to ambulatory monitoring water quality of wide rivers such as the Yangtze mainstem,but also to mobile monitoring large lakes and reservoirs such as Dianchi Lake,Taihu Lake and Danjiangkou reservoir.